关于Apache Ivy的三个问题：
（1）在我们的项目中，我们使用了超过100个“常见”JAR（log4j，junit，commons-cli等）。我们是否必须为所有这些文件编写ivy.xml（“模块描述符”）文件，或者我可以在ibiblio（或其他）repo中找到通用文件？强迫你的用户为每个依赖项编写自己的常春藤文件听起来非常残忍和不寻常。
（2）特定JAR是否需要常春藤文件，或者Ivy在没有相应常春藤文件的依赖项中查找回购时是否有默认值？
（3）是否可以将所有依赖项放在一个文件夹（repo）中并定义1个ivy.xml文件来配置其中的所有内容？
感谢您的帮助！
答案 0 :(得分：5)
（1）常春藤文件不必列出每一个jar。有些罐子是其他罐子的依赖品，并且是由常春藤从储存库中自动提取的。没有默认值。对于一个新项目，我通常生成我的第一个常春藤文件（参见附件中的ant2ivy脚本）
（2）当jar具有依赖关系时，只在常春藤存储库中需要常春藤文件。说过拥有一个是好的做法。我个人欺骗并使用像Nexus这样的Maven存储库管理器来存储我的jar。
（3）您可以使用文件系统解析程序在设置文件中创建本地存储库，如下所示：
<ivysettings>
<settings defaultResolver='maven-repos' />
<resolvers>
<chain name='maven-repos'>
<ibiblio name='central' m2compatible='true' />
<ibiblio name='spring-external' m2compatible='true' root='http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/external' />
</chain>
<filesystem name='local'>
<artifact pattern='/home/mark/tmp/petclinic/build/jars/[artifact]' />
</filesystem>
</resolvers>
<modules>
<module organisation='NA' name='mylibrary1.jar' resolver='local' />
<module organisation='NA' name='mylibrary2.jar' resolver='local' />
..
</modules>
</ivysettings>
当与模块声明结合使用时，可以在 ivy.xml 文件中实现以下功能：
<dependency org='NA' name='mylibrary1.jar' rev='NA' />
<dependency org='NA' name='mylibrary2.jar' rev='NA' />
从Maven存储库中检索所有其他依赖项。
如果你遵循我附加的 ant2ivy 脚本的逻辑，你会看到我使用这个策略与我使用Sonatype的存储库REST API无法识别的jar
这是一个粗略且准备好的groovy脚本，它执行Sonatypes存储库的查找以识别指定目录中的jar
//
// Dependencies
// ============
import groovy.xml.MarkupBuilder
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@Grapes([
@Grab(group='org.slf4j', module='slf4j-simple', version='1.6.2')
])
//
// Classes
// =======
class Ant2Ivy {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.class.name);
String groupId
String artifactId
String repoUrl
Ant2Ivy(groupId, artifactId) {
this(groupId, artifactId, "http://repository.sonatype.org")
}
Ant2Ivy(groupId, artifactId, repoUrl) {
this.groupId = groupId
this.artifactId = artifactId
this.repoUrl = repoUrl
log.debug "groupId: {}, artifactId: {}", groupId, artifactId
}
//
// Given a directory, find all jar and search Nexus
// based on the file's checksum
//
// Return a data structure containing the GAV coordinates of each jar
//
def search(File inputDir) {
def results = [:]
results["found"] = []
results["missing"] = []
log.info "Searching: {} ...", repoUrl
def ant = new AntBuilder()
ant.fileset(id:"jars", dir:inputDir.absolutePath, includes:"**/*.jar")
ant.project.references.jars.each {
def jar = new File(inputDir, it.name)
// Checksum URL
ant.checksum(file:jar.absolutePath, algorithm:"SHA1", property:jar.name)
def searchUrl = "${repoUrl}/service/local/data_index?sha1=${ant.project.properties[jar.name]}"
log.debug "SearchUrl: {}, File: {}", searchUrl, jar.name
// Search for the first result
def searchResults = new XmlParser().parseText(searchUrl.toURL().text)
def artifact = searchResults.data.artifact[0]
if (artifact) {
log.debug "Found: {}", jar.name
results["found"].add([file:jar.name, groupId:artifact.groupId.text(), artifactId:artifact.artifactId.text(), version:artifact.version.text()])
}
else {
log.warn "Not Found: {}", jar.name
results["missing"].add([file:jar.name, fileObj:jar])
}
}
return results
}
//
// Given an input direcory, search for the GAV coordinates
// and use this information to write two XML files:
//
// ivy.xml Contains the ivy dependency declarations
// ivysettings.xml Resolver configuration
//
def generate(File inputDir, File outputDir) {
outputDir.mkdir()
def antFile = new File(outputDir, "build.xml")
def ivyFile = new File(outputDir, "ivy.xml")
def ivySettingsFile = new File(outputDir, "ivysettings.xml")
def localRepo = new File(outputDir, "jars")
def results = search(inputDir)
//
// Generate the ant build file
//
log.info "Generating ant file: {} ...", antFile.absolutePath
def antContent = new MarkupBuilder(antFile.newPrintWriter())
antContent.project(name: "Sample ivy builde", default:"resolve", "xmlns:ivy":"antlib:org.apache.ivy.ant" ) {
target(name:"resolve") {
"ivy:resolve"()
}
target(name:"clean") {
"ivy:cleancache"()
}
}
//
// Generate the ivy file
//
log.info "Generating ivy file: {} ...", ivyFile.absolutePath
def ivyConfig = new MarkupBuilder(ivyFile.newPrintWriter())
ivyConfig."ivy-module"(version:"2.0") {
info(organisation:this.groupId, module:this.artifactId)
configurations(defaultconfmapping:"default")
dependencies() {
results.found.each {
dependency(org:it.groupId, name:it.artifactId, rev:it.version, conf:"default->master")
}
results.missing.each {
dependency(org:"NA", name:it.file, rev:"NA")
}
}
}
//
// Generate the ivy settings file
//
log.info "Generating ivy settings file: {} ...", ivySettingsFile.absolutePath
def ivySettings = new MarkupBuilder(ivySettingsFile.newPrintWriter())
def ant = new AntBuilder()
ivySettings.ivysettings() {
settings(defaultResolver:"maven-repos")
resolvers() {
chain(name:"maven-repos") {
// TODO: Make this list of Maven repos configurable
ibiblio(name:"central", m2compatible:"true")
ibiblio(name:"spring-external", m2compatible:"true", root:"http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/external")
}
if (results.missing.size() > 0) {
filesystem(name:"local") {
artifact(pattern:"${localRepo.absolutePath}/[artifact]")
}
}
}
if (results.missing.size() > 0) {
modules() {
results.missing.each {
module(organisation:"NA", name:it.file, resolver:"local")
ant.copy(file:it.fileObj.absolutePath, tofile:"${localRepo.absolutePath}/${it.file}")
}
}
}
}
}
}
//
// Main program
// ============
def cli = new CliBuilder(usage: 'ant2ivy')
cli.with {
h longOpt: 'help', 'Show usage information'
g longOpt: 'groupid', args: 1, 'Module groupid', required: true
a longOpt: 'artifactid', args: 1, 'Module artifactid', required: true
s longOpt: 'sourcedir', args: 1, 'Source directory containing jars', required: true
t longOpt: 'targetdir', args: 1, 'Target directory where write ivy build files', required: true
}
def options = cli.parse(args)
if (!options) {
return
}
if (options.help) {
cli.usage()
}
//
// Generate ivy configuration
//
def ant2ivy = new Ant2Ivy(options.groupid, options.artifactid)
ant2ivy.generate(new File(options.sourcedir), new File(options.targetdir))
脚本运行如下：
groovy ant2ivy.groovy -g com.hello -a test -s targetdir/WEB-INF/lib -t build
当针对petclinic示例运行时，它会生成以下文件
build/build.xml
build/ivy.xml
build/ivysettings.xml
build/jars/..
..
jars目录包含那些在Maven仓库中找不到的库。