不使用MSSQL或DB2或Oracle。 没有CTE。 没有OVERLAP谓词。 没有INTERVAL数据类型。 情况：对待修理的车辆工作直到无法启动 已收到为工作订购的所有零件。 零件可在维修开始前多次订购。 我们需要提取车辆在“零件保持”的时间
因此对于标识为id = 1的车辆 零件在4个不同的场合下订购（d1）并收到（d2）
ID d1 d2
1 8/1 8/8
1 8/2 8/6
1 8/12 8/14
1 8/3 8/10
8/1 8/8
d1 d2
|-------------------------------|
8/2 8/6 8/12 8/14
d1 d2 d1 d2
|---------------| |----------|
8/3 8/10
d1 d2
|---------------------|
8/1 8/14
|---------------------------------------------------------| = 13 days
8/10 8/12
|--------------------------------------| + |----------| = parts hold = 11 days
从上面可以看出，开始工作的等待时间（假设为8/1） 车辆可以工作的日期是13天。 等待零件所花费的实际时间是11天，这是数字 我们需要从数据中得出。 实际的日期时间数据将是我们将从中提取小时数的时间戳， 我们在此示例数据中使用日期以简化演示。 我们正在努力生成一个集合（不是psm，而不是udf，而不是游标）的解决方案。 TIA
答案 0 :(得分：6)
我无法让@Alex W的查询工作。它不是标准的SQL，因此需要大量重写才能与SQL Server（我可以测试）兼容。但它确实给了我一些灵感，我已经扩展了它。
查找每个不间断等待时段的所有起点：
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.ID,
t1.d1 AS date,
-DATEDIFF(DAY, (SELECT MIN(d1) FROM Orders), t1.d1) AS n
FROM Orders t1
LEFT JOIN Orders t2 -- Join for any events occurring while this
ON t2.ID = t1.ID -- is starting. If this is a start point,
AND t2.d1 <> t1.d1 -- it won't match anything, which is what
AND t1.d1 BETWEEN t2.d1 AND t2.d2 -- we want.
GROUP BY t1.ID, t1.d1, t1.d2
HAVING COUNT(t2.ID) = 0
和终点的等价物：
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.ID,
t1.d2 AS date,
DATEDIFF(DAY, (SELECT MIN(d1) FROM Orders), t1.d2) AS n
FROM Orders t1
LEFT JOIN Orders t2
ON t2.ID = t1.ID
AND t2.d2 <> t1.d2
AND t1.d2 BETWEEN t2.d1 AND t2.d2
GROUP BY t1.ID, t1.d1, t1.d2
HAVING COUNT(t2.ID) = 0
n是自某个常见时间点以来的天数。起点具有负值，终点具有正值。这样我们就可以将它们相加以获得它们之间的天数。
span = end - start
span = end + (-start)
span1 + span2 = end1 + (-start1) + end2 + (-start2)
最后，我们只需要添加内容：
SELECT ID, SUM(n) AS hold_days
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.id,
t1.d1 AS date,
-DATEDIFF(DAY, (SELECT MIN(d1) FROM Orders), t1.d1) AS n
FROM Orders t1
LEFT JOIN Orders t2
ON t2.ID = t1.ID
AND t2.d1 <> t1.d1
AND t1.d1 BETWEEN t2.d1 AND t2.d2
GROUP BY t1.ID, t1.d1, t1.d2
HAVING COUNT(t2.ID) = 0
UNION ALL
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.id,
t1.d2 AS date,
DATEDIFF(DAY, (SELECT MIN(d1) FROM Orders), t1.d2) AS n
FROM Orders t1
LEFT JOIN Orders t2
ON t2.ID = t1.ID
AND t2.d2 <> t1.d2
AND t1.d2 BETWEEN t2.d1 AND t2.d2
GROUP BY t1.ID, t1.d1, t1.d2
HAVING COUNT(t2.ID) = 0
ORDER BY ID, date
) s
GROUP BY ID;
输入表格（订单）：
ID d1 d2
1 2011-08-01 2011-08-08
1 2011-08-02 2011-08-06
1 2011-08-03 2011-08-10
1 2011-08-12 2011-08-14
2 2011-08-01 2011-08-03
2 2011-08-02 2011-08-06
2 2011-08-05 2011-08-09
输出：
ID hold_days
1 11
2 8
或者，您可以使用存储过程执行此操作。
CREATE PROCEDURE CalculateHoldTimes
@ID int = 0
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE Events CURSOR FOR
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT d1 AS date, 1 AS diff
FROM Orders
WHERE ID = @ID
UNION ALL
SELECT d2 AS date, -1 AS diff
FROM Orders
WHERE ID = @ID
) s
ORDER BY date;
DECLARE @Events_date date,
@Events_diff int,
@Period_start date,
@Period_accum int,
@Total_start date,
@Total_count int;
OPEN Events;
FETCH NEXT FROM Events
INTO @Events_date, @Events_diff;
SET @Period_start = @Events_date;
SET @Period_accum = 0;
SET @Total_start = @Events_date;
SET @Total_count = 0;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @Period_accum = @Period_accum + @Events_diff;
IF @Period_accum = 1 AND @Events_diff = 1
-- Start of period
SET @Period_start = @Events_date;
ELSE IF @Period_accum = 0 AND @Events_diff = -1
-- End of period
SET @Total_count = @Total_count +
DATEDIFF(day, @Period_start, @Events_date);
FETCH NEXT FROM Events
INTO @Events_date, @Events_diff;
END;
SELECT
@Total_start AS d1,
@Events_date AS d2,
@Total_count AS hold_time;
END;
用以下方式调用：
EXEC CalculateHoldTimes 1;
答案 1 :(得分：4)
这个SQL语句似乎得到了你想要的东西（t是样本表的表名）：
SELECT
d.id,
d.duration,
d.duration -
IFNULL(
( SELECT Sum( timestampdiff( SQL_TSI_DAY,
no_hold.d2,
( SELECT min(d1) FROM t t4
WHERE t4.id = no_hold.id and t4.d1 > no_hold.d2 )))
FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT id, d2 FROM t t1
WHERE ( SELECT sum( IIF( t1.d2 between t2.d1 and t2.d2, 1, 0 ) )
FROM t t2 WHERE t2.id = t1.id and t2.d2 <> t1.d2 ) = 0
And d2 <> ( select max( d2 ) from t t3 where t3.id = t1.id )) no_hold
WHERE no_hold.id = d.id ),
0 ) "parts hold"
FROM
( SELECT id, timestampdiff( SQL_TSI_DAY, min( d1 ), max( d2 ) ) duration
FROM t GROUP BY id ) d
外部查询获取修复工作的持续时间。复杂子查询计算不等待零件的总天数。这是通过找到车辆没有等待零件的开始日期来完成的，然后计算它开始等待零件的天数：
// 1) The query for finding the starting dates when the vehicle is not waiting for parts,
// i.e. finding all d2 that is not within any date range where the vehicle is waiting for part.
// The DISTINCT is needed to removed duplicate starting "no hold" period.
SELECT DISTINCT id, d2
FROM t t1
WHERE ( SELECT sum( IIF( t1.d2 between t2.d1 and t2.d2, 1, 0 ) ) from t t2
WHERE t2.id = t1.id and t2.d2 <> t1.d2 ) = 0 AND
d2 <> ( SELECT max( d2 ) FROM t t3 WHERE t3.id = t1.id ) )
// 2）车辆没有等待零件的日期是从上述查询到车辆//再次等待零件的日期
timestampdiff( SQL_TSI_DAY, no_hold.d2, ( SELECT min(d1) FROM t t4 WHERE t4.id = no_hold.id and t4.d1 > no_hold.d2 ) )
将上述两个结合起来并汇总所有这些期间，可以得出车辆没有等待零件的天数。最终查询添加了一个额外条件来计算外部查询中每个id的结果。
在具有许多ID的非常大的桌子上，这可能不是非常有效。如果id被限制为一个或几个，那就应该没问题。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
USE [DnnMasterShoraSystem]
GO
/****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[CalculateHoldTimes] Script Date: 12/8/2014 1:36:12 PM ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[CalculateHoldTimes]
@PID int
AS
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE #tblTemp(
[ID] [int] NOT NULL,
[PID] [int] NOT NULL,
[BID] [int] NOT NULL,
[Active] [bit] NULL,
[WorkStartDate] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
[WorkEndDate] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
[jobStateID] [int] NULL,
[RegisterType] [int] NULL,
[RegisterState] [int] NULL,
[En_time] [datetime] NULL,
[Fa_time] [nvarchar](40) NULL,
[Status] [nvarchar](100) NULL,
[PortalId] [int] NULL,
[ModuleId] [int] NULL,
[UserId] [int] NULL,
[BrName] [nvarchar](150) NULL,
[BrCode] [nvarchar](20) NULL,
[WorkEndDate_New] [nvarchar](10) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
insert into #tblTemp
select * from [dbo].[Shora.Personel_Branch_Copy]
where WorkStartDate is not null
--and [dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](WorkStartDate) <GETDATE()
--and [dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](WorkEndDate) <GETDATE()
and PID=@PID
--and [dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](WorkEndDate)<[dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](@NewDate)
order by WorkStartDate
DECLARE Events CURSOR FOR
SELECT [dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](WorkStartDate) AS StartDate,[dbo].[ShamsiToMiladi](WorkEndDate) AS EndDate
FROM #tblTemp
ORDER BY StartDate;
--drop table #tblTemp
DECLARE @SDate date,
@EDate date,
@Period_Start date,
@Period_End date,
@Total int,
@OldSDate date,
@OldEDate date
OPEN Events;
FETCH NEXT FROM Events
INTO @SDate, @EDate;
set @Total=0
SET @Period_Start =@SDate
set @Period_End=@EDate
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
if @OldSDate>@Period_End
begin
set @Period_Start=@SDate
if @Period_End>=@Period_Start
set @Total+=DATEDIFF(DAY,@Period_Start,@Period_End)
end
else if @SDate<@Period_End
begin
set @Period_Start=@Period_Start
set @Total=DATEDIFF(DAY,@Period_Start,@Period_End)
end
set @OldSDate=@SDate
set @OldEDate=@EDate
FETCH NEXT FROM Events
INTO @SDate, @EDate;
if @Period_End<@EDate
set @Period_End=@EDate
END;
INSERT INTO [dbo].[PersonelDays]
(PID
,[Total_Start]
,[Total_End]
,[Total_count])
VALUES
(@PID,
@Period_Start,
@Period_End,
@Total
)
drop table #tblTemp
CLOSE Events
DEALLOCATE Events
END;