Question

我目前正在尝试写一个ircbot并且卡住了。正如您所看到的，我为ircBot类定义了一个方法connect，它创建了一个套接字对象。我想在sendCmd方法中使用这个对象，这可能吗？

我一直在寻找谷歌和stackoverflow，但一直没能找到解决方案（可能是因为我对Python很新）。任何提示赞赏！

import socket
import sys
import os

class ircBot:

    def sendCmd(self, cmd):
        SEND_TEXT_ON_OPEN_SOCKET

    def connect(self, server, port):

        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        c = s.connect_ex((server, port))

        if c == 111:
            print("Error: " + os.strerror(c))
            sys.exit(1)

            print("Making connection to " + server + "\n")

此致

大卫

Answer 1

技巧是方法的第一个参数，通常在Python中命名为self。调用方法时，会自动传递此参数。

这是该类的实例 - 因此，如果您执行ircbot.sendCmd(cmd)，sendCmd将ircbot作为self，那么它可以将自己用作self.sendCmd如果你想要的话。

您可以向self添加属性，并将其添加到实例中 - 这意味着connect对self，sendCmd所做的工作也会看到。

import socket
import sys
import os

class IrcBot: # You should consider doing 'class IrcBot(object):'
              # if you're on Python 2, so it's a new-style class
    def sendCmd(self, cmd):
        # use self.s here
        SEND_TEXT_ON_OPEN_SOCKET

    def connect(self, server, port):

        self.s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        c = self.s.connect_ex((server, port))

        if c == 111: # is this the only return code that matters?
                     # I don't know, you might want to check for others
            print("Error: " + os.strerror(c))
            sys.exit(1)

            print("Making connection to " + server + "\n")

ircbot = IrcBot()
ircbot.connect('localhost', 6667)
ircbot.sendCmd('yourcmd')

Answer 2

您需要将其分配给可以在connect之外访问的变量。通常，这是通过创建一个称为成员级别变量的东西来完成的：

class ircBot:

    def sendCmd(self, cmd):
        # SEND_TEXT_ON_OPEN_SOCKET
        s.doSomething()

    def connect(self, server, port):

        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        c = s.connect_ex((server, port))

        if c == 111:
            print("Error: " + os.strerror(c))
            # this should probably simply throw an exception. No need to take teh
            # whole system down on socket connection failure.
            sys.exit(1)
        self.s = s
        # I moved this up a level because you could never get to it in the 
        # if statement -- sys.exit leaves the application!
        print("Making connection to " + server + "\n")

Answer 3

import socket
import sys
import os

class ircBot:

    def sendCmd(self, cmd):
        if self.s is None:
           raise "Not connected to a server"
        self.s.send(cmd)

    def connect(self, server, port):

        self.s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        c = self.s.connect_ex((server, port))

        if c == 111:
            print("Error: " + os.strerror(c))
            sys.exit(1)

            print("Making connection to " + server + "\n")

关于班级及其方法的问题

3 个答案: