我有一个界面,用于定义返回IList<PropertyInfo>
的方法:
public interface IWriteable
{
IList<PropertyInfo> WriteableProperties();
}
。
。
它以下列方式在各种(不同的)类中实现:
public abstract class Foo
{
private IList<PropertyInfo> _props;
protected Foo()
{
this._props = new List<PropertyInfo>();
foreach (PropertyInfo p in this.GetType().GetProperties())
{
if (Attribute.IsDefined(p, typeof(WriteableAttribute)))
this._props.Add(p);
}
}
#region IWriteable Members
public IList<PropertyInfo> WriteableProperties()
{
return this._props;
}
#endregion
}
public class Bar : Foo
{
public string A
{
get { return "A"; }
}
[Writeable()]
public string B
{
get { return "B"; }
}
[Writeable()]
public string C
{
get { return "C"; }
}
// Snip
}
请注意标记几个属性的属性,因为这些属性将添加到列表中。在某些文件写入操作期间,此IList
将在其他地方使用。
对我来说,按照它们在代码文件中出现的顺序在列表中排序是很重要的。
然而,MSDN声明:
GetProperties方法不返回特定属性 订单,例如字母或声明订单。你的代码一定不能 取决于返回属性的顺序,因为那样 订单各不相同。
那么,确保按照我希望的顺序添加每个PropertyInfo的最佳方法是什么?
(我也使用.NET2.0,所以我不能使用任何Linq的优点,如果有任何帮助,虽然看到它会很有趣。)
答案 0 :(得分:6)
向属性添加有关排序的信息,然后您可以使用它来确保排序,例如:
[Writeable(Order = 1)]
所以对于以下属性:
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class WriteableAttribute : Attribute
{
public int Order { get; set; }
}
您可以按如下方式获得有序选择的属性:
private readonly List<PropertyInfo> _props;
protected Foo()
{
_props = new List<PropertyInfo>();
var props = new Dictionary<int, PropertyInfo>();
foreach (PropertyInfo p in GetType().GetProperties())
{
if (Attribute.IsDefined(p, typeof(WriteableAttribute)))
{
var attr = (WriteableAttribute)p
.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(WriteableAttribute))[0];
props.Add(attr.Order, p);
}
}
_props.AddRange(props.OrderBy(kvp => kvp.Key).Select(kvp => kvp.Value));
}
NB 对于生产代码,我建议缓存属性信息(例如每种类型),因为如果为每个实例执行此操作将会相对较慢。
更新 - 缓存
通过一些示例缓存属性查找和排序:
public static class PropertyReflector
{
private static readonly object SyncObj = new object();
private static readonly Dictionary<Type, List<PropertyInfo>> PropLookup =
new Dictionary<Type, List<PropertyInfo>>();
public static IList<PropertyInfo> GetWritableProperties(Type type)
{
lock (SyncObj)
{
List<PropertyInfo> props;
if (!PropLookup.TryGetValue(type, out props))
{
var propsOrder = new Dictionary<int, PropertyInfo>();
foreach (PropertyInfo p in type.GetProperties())
{
if (Attribute.IsDefined(p, typeof(WriteableAttribute)))
{
var attr = (WriteableAttribute)p.GetCustomAttributes(
typeof(WriteableAttribute), inherit: true)[0];
propsOrder.Add(attr.Order, p);
}
}
props = new List<PropertyInfo>(propsOrder
.OrderBy(kvp => kvp.Key)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Value));
PropLookup.Add(type, props);
}
return props;
}
}
}
更新 - No Linq
您可以使用以下代码替换Linq部分,以对属性进行排序并将其添加到缓存中:
List<int> order = new List<int>(propsOrder.Keys);
order.Sort();
props = new List<PropertyInfo>();
order.ForEach(i => props.Add(propsOrder[i]));
PropLookup.Add(type, props);
更新 - Full Linq
使用完全Linq解决方案:
static IList<PropertyInfo> GetWritableProperties(Type type)
{
lock (SyncObj)
{
List<PropertyInfo> props;
if (!PropLookup.TryGetValue(type, out props))
{
props = type.GetProperties()
.Select(p => new { p, Atts = p.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(WriteableAttribute), inherit: true) })
.Where(p => p.Atts.Length != 0)
.OrderBy(p => ((WriteableAttribute)p.Atts[0]).Order)
.Select(p => p.p)
.ToList();
PropLookup.Add(type, props);
}
return props;
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
不久之前,当我遇到同样的问题时,我编写了一个帮助器类,根据属性的Order
属性对属性进行排序。我使用了内置的DisplayAttribute
,但您只需向您编写的任何属性添加Order
属性。
class FieldSorter : IComparer, IComparer<DisplayAttribute>, IEqualityComparer<DisplayAttribute>
{
public int Compare(object x, object y)
{
return Compare((DisplayAttribute)x, (DisplayAttribute)y);
}
public int Compare(DisplayAttribute x, DisplayAttribute y)
{
return x.Order.CompareTo(y.Order);
}
public bool Equals(DisplayAttribute x, DisplayAttribute y)
{
return Compare(x, y) == 0;
}
public int GetHashCode(DisplayAttribute obj)
{
return obj.GetHashCode();
}
public static SortedList<DisplayAttribute, PropertyInfo> GetSortedFields(Type type)
{
PropertyInfo[] props = type.GetProperties();
var sortedProps = new SortedList<DisplayAttribute, PropertyInfo>(props.Length, new FieldSorter());
object[] atts;
int assignedOrder = 1000; // anything without pre-assigned order gets a ridiculously high order value. same for duplicates.
foreach (var prop in props)
{
atts = prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DisplayAttribute), true);
if (atts.Length > 0)
{
var att = (DisplayAttribute)atts[0];
if (!att.GetOrder().HasValue || sortedProps.Keys.Contains(att, new FieldSorter()))
att.Order = assignedOrder++;
sortedProps.Add(att, prop);
}
}
return sortedProps;
}
}
这会给你一个SortedList
,其中键是属性,值是PropertyInfo。这是因为我仍然需要访问该属性的其他属性。
使用示例:
public class Stats
{
[Display(Name = "Changes", Description = "Changed records.", Order = 8)]
public int RecordsWithChanges { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Invalid", Description = "Number of invalid records analyzed.", Order = 4)]
public int InvalidRecordCount { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Valid", Description = "Number of valid records.", Order = 6)]
public int ValidRecordCount { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Cost", Description = "Number of records with a Cost value.", Order = 10)]
public int RecordsWithCost { get; set; }
public Stats(int changed, int valid, int invalid, int cost)
{
RecordsWithChanges = changed;
ValidRecordCount = valid;
InvalidRecordCount = invalid;
RecordsWithCost = cost;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var foo = new Stats(123, 456, 7, 89);
var fields = FieldSorter.GetSortedFields(foo.GetType());
foreach (DisplayAttribute att in fields.Keys)
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1} ({2}) == {3}",
att.Order, att.Name, att.Description, fields[att].GetValue(foo, null));
null));
}
}
输出:
4: Invalid (Number of invalid records analyzed.) -- 7 6: Valid (Number of valid records.) -- 456 8: Changes (Changed records.) -- 123 10: Cost (Number of records with a Cost value.) -- 89