Question

我正在编写一个T-SQL查询，我正在开发电子商务网站，因为我使用了4个主要表：

产品分类
产品
的OrderLineItem
顺序

我的管理部分有一个页面用于管理订单，现在我想按ProductCategory进行过滤，即Order包含Product（我的productId是在OrderLineItem表格中）与选定的ProductCategory相关，我通过以下查询执行此操作：

SELECT  
    O.OrderID,O.[OrderDate],O.[StatusID]                          
FROM [Order] O                              
INNER JOIN [Dyve_User] U ON U.[UserID] = O.[UserID]                               
INNER JOIN (SELECT OD.OrderID 
            FROM OrderLineItem OD
            LEFT OUTER JOIN [Product] P ON OD.ProductID = P.ProductID
            LEFT OUTER JOIN [ProductCategory] PC ON PC.CategoryID = P.CategoryID
            WHERE 
               (P.CategoryID = COALESCE(@CategoryID, P.CategoryID)                              
                OR P.CategoryID IN (SELECT CategoryID 
                                    FROM ProductCategory                              
                                    WHERE ParentID = COALESCE(@CategoryID, ParentID)
                                   )
               )                              
           ) AS T  ON O.OrderID = T.OrderID

我的此查询返回正确的结果，但查询每次都超时，任何人都可以告诉我如何优化此查询，以便不会超时吗？

以下是表架构：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Order](
[OrderID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[OrderDate] [datetime] NULL,
[OrderTax] [money] NULL,
[OrderTotal] [money] NULL,
[ShippingCharge] [money] NULL,
[TrackingNumber] [varchar](50) NULL,
[TransactionStatusID] [int] NULL,
[UserID] [int] NULL,
[PromotionCode] [varchar](50) NULL
[ExpiryDate] [datetime] NULL,
[PaymentType] [tinyint] NULL
  CONSTRAINT [Order_PK] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
  (
[OrderID] ASC
 )WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,          ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
  ) ON [PRIMARY]

产品表：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Product](
[ProductID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[CategoryID] [int] NULL,
[ProductName] [nvarchar](600) NULL,
[ManufacturerID] [int] NULL,
[UnitPrice] [money] NULL,
[RetailPrice] [money] NULL,
[IsOnSale] [bit] NOT NULL,
[ExpiryDate] [datetime] NULL,
[IsElectrical] [bit] NULL,
[IsActive] [bit] NULL,
[ProductType] [int] NULL,
[AllowBackOrder] [bit] NULL
   CONSTRAINT [Product_PK] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
   (
[ProductID] ASC
    )WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,        ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
   ) ON [PRIMARY]

ProductCategory表：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ProductCategory](
[CategoryID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[Name] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL,
[Description] [nvarchar](max) NULL,
[ParentID] [int] NULL,
[IsActive] [bit] NULL
    CONSTRAINT [ProductCategory_PK] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
   (
[CategoryID] ASC
   )WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,        ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
  ) ON [PRIMARY]

OrderLineItem表：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[OrderLineItem](
[OrderDetailID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[OrderID] [int] NOT NULL,
[ProductID] [int] NOT NULL
[TotalPrice] [money] NULL,
[Quantity] [int] NULL,
[Discount] [money] NULL,
[UnitPrice] [money] NULL,
[UserID] [int] NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [OrderLineItem_PK] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
      (
[OrderDetailID] ASC
   )WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,        ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
   ) ON [PRIMARY]

Answer 1

首先要做的几件事：

定义连接上的索引和列的位置。
从较小的表加入较大的表。

我建议您阅读有关表现以及如何找到原因的内容 - 这是一篇关于此主题的好文章：part 1和part 2。

Answer 2

首先尝试延长超时以查看它是否有效。而不是在你的执行计划中获取战利品。将包含较少元素的表移动到连接的左侧。

Answer 3

这未经过测试，因此我不确定它是否仍然符合您的查询要求。

它将获取Order的{{1}} OrderLineItem Product CategoryID等于@CategoryID或子类别@CategoryID {1}}。

SELECT O.OrderID,
       O.[OrderDate],
       O.[StatusID]
FROM   [Order] AS O
WHERE  O.OrderID IN (SELECT OD.OrderID
                     FROM   OrderLineItem AS OD
                            INNER JOIN Product AS P
                              ON OD.ProductID = P.ProductID
                            INNER JOIN (SELECT PC.CategoryID
                                        FROM   ProductCategory
                                        WHERE  ParentID = @CategoryID
                                        UNION ALL
                                        SELECT @CategoryID) AS C
                              ON P.CategoryID = C.CategoryID)

关于性能，你只需要对其进行测试即可找到答案。

索引是一件好事，您应该确保在外键列上有索引。

如何优化T-SQL查询

3 个答案: