Question

在searchPattern上将多个文件扩展名设置为Directory.GetFiles()的语法是什么？例如，使用 .aspx 和 .ascx 扩展名过滤掉文件。

// TODO: Set the string 'searchPattern' to only get files with
// the extension '.aspx' and '.ascx'.
var filteredFiles = Directory.GetFiles(path, searchPattern);

更新： LINQ不是一个选项，它必须是传递到searchPattern的{{1}}，如问题中所指定。< / p>

Answer 1

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .GetFiles(path, "*.*")
    .Where(file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx") || file.ToLower().EndsWith("ascx"))
    .ToList();

修改2014-07-23

您可以在.NET 4.5中执行此操作以获得更快的枚举：

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .EnumerateFiles(path) //<--- .NET 4.5
    .Where(file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx") || file.ToLower().EndsWith("ascx"))
    .ToList();

Directory.EnumerateFiles in MSDN

Answer 2

我相信没有“开箱即用”的解决方案，这是Directory.GetFiles方法的限制。

编写自己的方法相当容易，这里是example。

代码可以是：

/// <summary>
/// Returns file names from given folder that comply to given filters
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SourceFolder">Folder with files to retrieve</param>
/// <param name="Filter">Multiple file filters separated by | character</param>
/// <param name="searchOption">File.IO.SearchOption, 
/// could be AllDirectories or TopDirectoryOnly</param>
/// <returns>Array of FileInfo objects that presents collection of file names that 
/// meet given filter</returns>
public string[] getFiles(string SourceFolder, string Filter, 
 System.IO.SearchOption searchOption)
{
 // ArrayList will hold all file names
ArrayList alFiles = new ArrayList();

 // Create an array of filter string
 string[] MultipleFilters = Filter.Split('|');

 // for each filter find mathing file names
 foreach (string FileFilter in MultipleFilters)
 {
  // add found file names to array list
  alFiles.AddRange(Directory.GetFiles(SourceFolder, FileFilter, searchOption));
 }

 // returns string array of relevant file names
 return (string[])alFiles.ToArray(typeof(string));
}

Answer 3

GetFiles只能匹配单个模式，但您可以使用Linq调用具有多种模式的GetFiles：

FileInfo[] fi = new string[]{"*.txt","*.doc"}
    .SelectMany(i => di.GetFiles(i, SearchOption.AllDirectories))
    .ToArray();

请参阅此处的评论部分： http://www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/NET_DirectoryInfo.aspx

Answer 4

我喜欢这种方法，因为它是可读的并且避免了目录的多次迭代：

var allowedExtensions = new [] {".doc", ".docx", ".pdf", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".xls", ".xslx"}; 
var files = Directory
    .GetFiles(folder)
    .Where(file => allowedExtensions.Any(file.ToLower().EndsWith))
    .ToList();

Answer 5

我担心你必须做这样的事情，我从here改变了正则表达式。

var searchPattern = new Regex(
    @"$(?<=\.(aspx|ascx))", 
    RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path)
    .Where(f => searchPattern.IsMatch(f))
    .ToList();

Answer 6

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*") // .NET4 better than `GetFiles`
    .Where(
        // ignorecase faster than tolower...
        file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx")
        || file.EndsWith("ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
    .ToList();

不要忘记新的.NET4 Directory.EnumerateFiles以提升效果（What is the difference between Directory.EnumerateFiles vs Directory.GetFiles?）
“IgnoreCase”应该比“ToLower”

或者，分割和合并你的globs可能会更快（至少它看起来更干净）：

"*.ext1;*.ext2".Split(';')
    .SelectMany(g => Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, g))
    .ToList();

Answer 7

我会使用以下内容：

var ext = new string[] { ".ASPX", ".ASCX" };
FileInfo[] collection = (from fi in new DirectoryInfo(path).GetFiles()
                         where ext.Contains(fi.Extension.ToUpper())
                         select fi)
                         .ToArray();

编辑：更正了目录和DirectoryInfo之间的不匹配

Answer 8

使用扩展程序获取文件的更有效方法＆＃34; .aspx＆＃34;和＆＃34; .ascx＆＃34; 避免多次查询文件系统并避免返回大量不需要的文件，是使用近似搜索模式对文件进行预过滤，然后改进结果：

var filteredFiles = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.as?x")
    .Select(f => f.ToLowerInvariant())
    .Where(f => f.EndsWith("px") || f.EndsWith("cx"))
    .ToList();

Answer 9

易于记忆，懒惰且可能不完美的解决方案：

Directory.GetFiles(dir, "*.dll").Union(Directory.GetFiles(dir, "*.exe"))

Answer 10

    /// <summary>
    /// Returns the names of files in a specified directories that match the specified patterns using LINQ
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="srcDirs">The directories to seach</param>
    /// <param name="searchPatterns">the list of search patterns</param>
    /// <param name="searchOption"></param>
    /// <returns>The list of files that match the specified pattern</returns>
    public static string[] GetFilesUsingLINQ(string[] srcDirs,
         string[] searchPatterns,
         SearchOption searchOption = SearchOption.AllDirectories)
    {
        var r = from dir in srcDirs
                from searchPattern in searchPatterns
                from f in Directory.GetFiles(dir, searchPattern, searchOption)
                select f;

        return r.ToArray();
    }

Answer 11

    public static bool CheckFiles(string pathA, string pathB)
    {
        string[] extantionFormat = new string[] { ".war", ".pkg" };
        return CheckFiles(pathA, pathB, extantionFormat);
    }
    public static bool CheckFiles(string pathA, string pathB, string[] extantionFormat)
    {
        System.IO.DirectoryInfo dir1 = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(pathA);
        System.IO.DirectoryInfo dir2 = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(pathB);
        // Take a snapshot of the file system. list1/2 will contain only WAR or PKG 
        // files
        // fileInfosA will contain all of files under path directories 
        FileInfo[] fileInfosA = dir1.GetFiles("*.*", 
                              System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
        // list will contain all of files that have ..extantion[]  
        // Run on all extantion in extantion array and compare them by lower case to 
        // the file item extantion ...
        List<System.IO.FileInfo> list1 = (from extItem in extantionFormat
                                          from fileItem in fileInfosA
                                          where extItem.ToLower().Equals 
                                          (fileItem.Extension.ToLower())
                                          select fileItem).ToList();
        // Take a snapshot of the file system. list1/2 will contain only WAR or  
        // PKG files
        // fileInfosA will contain all of files under path directories 
        FileInfo[] fileInfosB = dir2.GetFiles("*.*", 
                                       System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
        // list will contain all of files that have ..extantion[]  
        // Run on all extantion in extantion array and compare them by lower case to 
        // the file item extantion ...
        List<System.IO.FileInfo> list2 = (from extItem in extantionFormat
                                          from fileItem in fileInfosB
                                          where extItem.ToLower().Equals            
                                          (fileItem.Extension.ToLower())
                                          select fileItem).ToList();
        FileCompare myFileCompare = new FileCompare();
        // This query determines whether the two folders contain 
        // identical file lists, based on the custom file comparer 
        // that is defined in the FileCompare class. 
        return list1.SequenceEqual(list2, myFileCompare);
    }

Answer 12

我会尝试指定类似

的内容

var searchPattern = "as?x";

它应该有用。

Answer 13

我会选择使用Path.GetExtension()方法代替EndsWith函数。以下是完整的示例：

var filteredFiles = Directory.EnumerateFiles( path )
.Where(
    file => Path.GetExtension(file).Equals( ".aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) ||
            Path.GetExtension(file).Equals( ".ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) );

或：

var filteredFiles = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path)
.Where(
    file => string.Equals( Path.GetExtension(file), ".aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) ||
            string.Equals( Path.GetExtension(file), ".ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) );

（如果您关心效果，请使用StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase：MSDN string comparisons）

Answer 14

看起来像这个演示：

void Main()
{
    foreach(var f in GetFilesToProcess("c:\\", new[] {".xml", ".txt"}))
        Debug.WriteLine(f);
}
private static IEnumerable<string> GetFilesToProcess(string path, IEnumerable<string> extensions)
{
   return Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*")
       .Where(f => extensions.Contains(Path.GetExtension(f).ToLower()));
}

Answer 15

您可以这样做

new DirectoryInfo(path).GetFiles().Where(Current => Regex.IsMatch(Current.Extension, "\\.(aspx|ascx)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase)

Answer 16

@Daniel B，感谢您提出编写我自己的此功能版本的建议。它与Directory.GetFiles具有相同的行为，但支持正则表达式过滤。

string[] FindFiles(FolderBrowserDialog dialog, string pattern)
    {
        Regex regex = new Regex(pattern);

        List<string> files = new List<string>();
        var files=Directory.GetFiles(dialog.SelectedPath);
        for(int i = 0; i < files.Count(); i++)
        {
            bool found = regex.IsMatch(files[i]);
            if(found)
            {
                files.Add(files[i]);
            }
        }

        return files.ToArray();
    }

我发现它很有用，所以我想我会分享。

Answer 17

c＃版本的@ qfactor77的回答。这是没有LINQ的最佳方式。

string[] wildcards= {"*.mp4", "*.jpg"};
ReadOnlyCollection<string> filePathCollection = FileSystem.GetFiles(dirPath, Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.SearchOption.SearchAllSubDirectories, wildcards);
string[] filePath=new string[filePathCollection.Count];
filePathCollection.CopyTo(filePath,0);

现在返回filePath字符串数组。一开始你需要

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;

您还需要添加对Microsoft.VisualBasic

的引用

Answer 18

我做了一个简单的方法来查找所需的扩展名，并且没有ToLower（），RegEx，foreach ...

List<String> myExtensions = new List<String>() { ".aspx", ".ascx", ".cs" }; // You can add as many extensions as you want.
DirectoryInfo myFolder = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\FolderFoo");
SearchOption option = SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly; // Use SearchOption.AllDirectories for seach in all subfolders.
List<FileInfo> myFiles = myFolder.EnumerateFiles("*.*", option)
    .Where(file => myExtensions
    .Any(e => String.Compare(file.Extension, e, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, CompareOptions.IgnoreCase) == 0))
    .ToList();

正在开发.Net Standard 2.0。

Answer 19

（很抱歉写这个作为答案，但我还没有写评论的权限。）

请注意，来自 Microsoft.VisualBasic 的 FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles() 方法只是一个包装器，用于对每个提供的模式执行搜索并合并结果。从 .pbd 文件中查看源代码时，可以从这个片段中看到 FileSystem.FindPaths 对集合中的每个模式都执行了：

private static void FindFilesOrDirectories(
  FileSystem.FileOrDirectory FileOrDirectory,
  string directory,
  SearchOption searchType,
  string[] wildcards,
  Collection<string> Results)
{
    // (...)
    string[] strArray = wildcards;
    int index = 0;
    while (index < strArray.Length)
    {
      string wildCard = strArray[index];
      FileSystem.AddToStringCollection(Results, FileSystem.FindPaths(FileOrDirectory, directory, wildCard));
      checked { ++index; }
    }
    // (...)
}

Answer 20

我想说的是，如果您使用FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles代替Directory.GetFiles，则会允许使用一组通配符。

例如：

Dim wildcards As String() = {"*.html", "*.zip"}
Dim ListFiles As List(Of String) = FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles(directoryyouneed, FileIO.SearchOption.SearchTopLevelOnly, wildcards).ToList

System.IO.Directory.GetFiles的多个文件扩展名searchPattern

20 个答案: