如何在webform中包含局部视图

时间:2009-03-31 19:50:12

标签: asp.net asp.net-mvc webforms partial-views

我正在编程的一些网站正在使用ASP.NET MVC和WebForms。

我有局部视图,我希望将其包含在webform中。部分视图有一些必须在服务器中处理的代码,因此使用Response.WriteFile不起作用。 它应该与javascript禁用。

我该怎么做?

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:96)

我查看了MVC源代码,看看我是否能弄清楚如何做到这一点。控制器上下文,视图,视图数据,路由数据和html渲染方法之间似乎存在非常紧密的耦合。

基本上为了实现这一点,您需要创建所有这些额外元素。其中一些相对简单(例如视图数据)但有些更复杂一些 - 例如路由数据会考虑忽略当前的WebForms页面。

最大的问题似乎是HttpContext - MVC页面依赖于HttpContextBase(而不是像WebForms那样的HttpContext),虽然两者都实现了IServiceProvider,但它们并不相关。 MVC的设计者故意决定不改变遗留的WebForms以使用新的上下文库,但是他们确实提供了一个包装器。

这样可以让您将部分视图添加到WebForm:

public class WebFormController : Controller { }

public static class WebFormMVCUtil
{

    public static void RenderPartial( string partialName, object model )
    {
        //get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
        var httpCtx = new HttpContextWrapper( System.Web.HttpContext.Current );

        //create a mock route that points to the empty controller
        var rt = new RouteData();
        rt.Values.Add( "controller", "WebFormController" );

        //create a controller context for the route and http context
        var ctx = new ControllerContext( 
            new RequestContext( httpCtx, rt ), new WebFormController() );

        //find the partial view using the viewengine
        var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView( ctx, partialName ).View;

        //create a view context and assign the model
        var vctx = new ViewContext( ctx, view, 
            new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, 
            new TempDataDictionary() );

        //render the partial view
        view.Render( vctx, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Output );
    }

}

然后在你的WebForm中你可以这样做:

<% WebFormMVCUtil.RenderPartial( "ViewName", this.GetModel() ); %>

答案 1 :(得分:34)

花了一段时间,但我找到了一个很好的解决方案。由于Keith解决方案适用于很多人,但在某些情况下它不是最好的,因为有时您希望您的应用程序通过控制器的过程来呈现视图,并且 Keith的解决方案只是使用给定的模型渲染视图我在这里展示一个将运行正常过程的新解决方案。

一般步骤:

  1. 创建实用程序类
  2. 使用虚拟视图创建虚拟控制器
  3. aspxmaster page中,调用实用程序方法渲染部分传递控制器,查看并在需要时,渲染模型(作为对象),
  4. 让我们在这个例子中仔细检查

    1)创建一个名为MVCUtility的类,并创建以下方法:

        //Render a partial view, like Keith's solution
        private static void RenderPartial(string partialViewName, object model)
        {
            HttpContextBase httpContextBase = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
            RouteData routeData = new RouteData();
            routeData.Values.Add("controller", "Dummy");
            ControllerContext controllerContext = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContextBase, routeData), new DummyController());
            IView view = FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
            ViewContext viewContext = new ViewContext(controllerContext, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), httpContextBase.Response.Output);
            view.Render(viewContext, httpContextBase.Response.Output);
        }
    
        //Find the view, if not throw an exception
        private static IView FindPartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName)
        {
            ViewEngineResult result = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
            if (result.View != null)
            {
                return result.View;
            }
            StringBuilder locationsText = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (string location in result.SearchedLocations)
            {
                locationsText.AppendLine();
                locationsText.Append(location);
            }
            throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format("Partial view {0} not found. Locations Searched: {1}", partialViewName, locationsText));
        }       
    
        //Here the method that will be called from MasterPage or Aspx
        public static void RenderAction(string controllerName, string actionName, object routeValues)
        {
            RenderPartial("PartialRender", new RenderActionViewModel() { ControllerName = controllerName, ActionName = actionName, RouteValues = routeValues });
        }
    

    创建一个用于传递参数的类,我将在此处调用RendeActionViewModel(您可以在MvcUtility类的同一文件中创建)

        public class RenderActionViewModel
        {
            public string ControllerName { get; set; }
            public string ActionName { get; set; }
            public object RouteValues { get; set; }
        }
    

    2)现在创建一个名为DummyController

    的控制器
        //Here the Dummy controller with Dummy view
        public class DummyController : Controller
        {
          public ActionResult PartialRender()
          {
              return PartialView();
          }
    
        }
    

    PartialRender.cshtml创建名为DummyController(剃刀视图)的虚拟视图 如果有以下内容,请注意它将使用Html帮助程序执行另一个渲染操作

    @model Portal.MVC.MvcUtility.RenderActionViewModel
    @{Html.RenderAction(Model.ActionName, Model.ControllerName, Model.RouteValues);}
    

    3)现在只需将其放在MasterPageaspx文件中,即可部分呈现所需的视图。请注意,如果您想要将多个剃刀视图与MasterPageaspx页面混合,这是一个很好的答案。 (假设我们有一个名为Login for Controller Home的PartialView

        <% MyApplication.MvcUtility.RenderAction("Home", "Login", new { }); %>
    

    或者如果你有一个传递给Action的模型

        <% MyApplication.MvcUtility.RenderAction("Home", "Login", new { Name="Daniel", Age = 30 }); %>
    

    此解决方案很棒,不使用ajax调用,这不会导致嵌套视图的延迟呈现不会使新的WebRequest 所以不会为您带来新会话,而将为您想要的视图处理检索ActionResult 的方法,它在没有通过任何模型的情况下工作

    感谢 Using MVC RenderAction within a Webform

答案 2 :(得分:20)

最明显的方式是通过AJAX

类似的东西(使用jQuery)

<div id="mvcpartial"></div>

<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).load(function () {
    $.ajax(
    {    
        type: "GET",
        url : "urltoyourmvcaction",
        success : function (msg) { $("#mvcpartial").html(msg); }
    });
});
</script>

答案 3 :(得分:10)

这很好,谢谢!

我在.NET 4上使用MVC 2,这需要将TextWriter传递给ViewContext,因此您必须传入httpContextWrapper.Response.Output,如下所示。

    public static void RenderPartial(String partialName, Object model)
    {
        // get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
        var httpContextWrapper = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);

        // create a mock route that points to the empty controller
        var routeData = new RouteData();
        routeData.Values.Add(_controller, _webFormController);

        // create a controller context for the route and http context
        var controllerContext = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContextWrapper, routeData), new WebFormController());

        // find the partial view using the viewengine
        var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialName).View as WebFormView;

        // create a view context and assign the model
        var viewContext = new ViewContext(controllerContext, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), httpContextWrapper.Response.Output);

        // render the partial view
        view.Render(viewContext, httpContextWrapper.Response.Output);
    }

答案 4 :(得分:5)

这是一种类似的方法,一直在为我工作。策略是将部分视图呈现为字符串,然后在WebForm页面中输出。

 public class TemplateHelper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Render a Partial View (MVC User Control, .ascx) to a string using the given ViewData.
    /// http://www.joeyb.org/blog/2010/01/23/aspnet-mvc-2-render-template-to-string
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="controlName"></param>
    /// <param name="viewData"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string RenderPartialToString(string controlName, object viewData)
    {
        ViewDataDictionary vd = new ViewDataDictionary(viewData);
        ViewPage vp = new ViewPage { ViewData = vd};
        Control control = vp.LoadControl(controlName);

        vp.Controls.Add(control);

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(sb))
        {
            using (HtmlTextWriter tw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw))
            {
                vp.RenderControl(tw);
            }
        }

        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

在页面代码隐藏中,您可以执行

public partial class TestPartial : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    public string NavigationBarContent
    {
        get;
        set;
    }

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        NavigationVM oVM = new NavigationVM();

        NavigationBarContent = TemplateHelper.RenderPartialToString("~/Views/Shared/NavigationBar.ascx", oVM);

    }
}

并在页面中,您可以访问呈现的内容

<%= NavigationBarContent %>

希望有所帮助!

答案 5 :(得分:2)

此解决方案采用不同的方法。它定义了一个System.Web.UI.UserControl,它可以放在任何Web窗体上,并配置为显示来自任何URL的内容...包括MVC局部视图。 这种方法类似于HTML的AJAX调用,因为参数(如果有的话)是通过URL查询字符串给出的。

首先,在2个文件中定义用户控件:

/controls/PartialViewControl.ascx文件

<%@ Control Language="C#" 
AutoEventWireup="true" 
CodeFile="PartialViewControl.ascx.cs" 
Inherits="PartialViewControl" %>

/controls/PartialViewControl.ascx.cs:

public partial class PartialViewControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl {
    [Browsable(true),
    Category("Configutation"),
    Description("Specifies an absolute or relative path to the content to display.")]
    public string contentUrl { get; set; }

    protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) {
        string requestPath = (contentUrl.StartsWith("http") ? contentUrl : "http://" + Request.Url.DnsSafeHost + Page.ResolveUrl(contentUrl));
        WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(requestPath);
        WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
        Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
        var responseStreamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream);
        var buffer = new char[32768];
        int read;
        while ((read = responseStreamReader.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0) {
            writer.Write(buffer, 0, read);
        }
    }
}

然后将用户控件添加到您的Web表单页面:

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Register Src="~/controls/PartialViewControl.ascx" TagPrefix="mcs" TagName="PartialViewControl" %>
<h1>My MVC Partial View</h1>
<p>Below is the content from by MVC partial view (or any other URL).</p>
<mcs:PartialViewControl runat="server" contentUrl="/MyMVCView/"  />

答案 6 :(得分:0)

FWIW,我需要能够从现有的Webforms代码动态呈现局部视图,并将其插入给定控件的顶部。我发现Keith的答案会导致部分视图在<html />标签之外呈现。

我使用Keith和Hilarius的答案作为启发,而不是直接渲染到HttpContext.Current.Response.Output,而是渲染html字符串并将其作为LiteralControl添加到相关控件中。

在静态帮助器类中:

    public static string RenderPartial(string partialName, object model)
    {
        //get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
        var httpCtx = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);

        //create a mock route that points to the empty controller
        var rt = new RouteData();
        rt.Values.Add("controller", "WebFormController");

        //create a controller context for the route and http context
        var ctx = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpCtx, rt), new WebFormController());

        //find the partial view using the viewengine
        var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(ctx, partialName).View;

        //create a view context and assign the model
        var vctx = new ViewContext(ctx, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), new StringWriter());

        // This will render the partial view direct to the output, but be careful as it may end up outside of the <html /> tag
        //view.Render(vctx, HttpContext.Current.Response.Output);

        // Better to render like this and create a literal control to add to the parent
        var html = new StringWriter();
        view.Render(vctx, html);
        return html.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
    }

在上课时:

    internal void AddPartialViewToControl(HtmlGenericControl ctrl, int? insertAt = null, object model)
    {
        var lit = new LiteralControl { Text = MvcHelper.RenderPartial("~/Views/Shared/_MySharedView.cshtml", model};
        if (insertAt == null)
        {
            ctrl.Controls.Add(lit);
            return;
        }
        ctrl.Controls.AddAt(insertAt.Value, lit);
    }