我想使用FileSystemWatcher监视目录及其子目录中移动的文件。然后我想在移动所有文件时触发一些代码。但我不知道怎么做。我的代码将在每次移动文件时触发，如果用户一次移动多个文件，我只希望它为所有文件触发一次。所以基本上我想创建一个列表，一旦完成所有文件的移动，我就想对该列表进行操作......
以下是代码：
class Monitor
{
private List<string> _filePaths;
public void CreateWatcher(string path)
{
FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Filter = "*.*";
watcher.Created += new
FileSystemEventHandler(watcher_FileCreated);
watcher.Path = path;
watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = true;
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}
void watcher_FileCreated(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
_filePaths.Add(e.FullPath);
Console.WriteLine("Files have been created or moved!");
}
}
更新：尝试使用Chris的代码，但它不起作用（请参阅我在Chris的回答中的评论）：
class Monitor
{
private List<string> _filePaths;
private Timer _notificationTimer;
private FileSystemWatcher _fsw;
public Monitor(string path)
{
_notificationTimer = new Timer();
_notificationTimer.Elapsed += notificationTimer_Elapsed;
// CooldownSeconds is the number of seconds the Timer is 'extended' each time a file is added.
// I found it convenient to put this value in an app config file.
int CooldownSeconds = 1;
_notificationTimer.Interval = CooldownSeconds * 1000;
_fsw = new FileSystemWatcher();
_fsw.Path = path;
_fsw.IncludeSubdirectories = true;
_fsw.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
// Set up the particulars of your FileSystemWatcher.
_fsw.Created += fsw_Created;
}
private void notificationTimer_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
//
// Do what you want to do with your List of files.
//
Console.Write("Done");
// Stop the timer and wait for the next batch of files.
_notificationTimer.Stop();
// Clear your file List.
_filePaths = new List<string>();
}
// Fires when a file is created.
private void fsw_Created(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
// Add to our List of files.
_filePaths.Add(e.Name);
// 'Reset' timer.
_notificationTimer.Stop();
_notificationTimer.Start();
}
}
更新2：
根据安德斯的回答试过这个：
public class FileListEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public List<string> FileList { get; set; }
}
public class Monitor
{
private List<string> filePaths;
private ReaderWriterLockSlim rwlock;
private Timer processTimer;
public event EventHandler FileListCreated;
public void OnFileListCreated(FileListEventArgs e)
{
if (FileListCreated != null)
FileListCreated(this, e);
}
public Monitor(string path)
{
filePaths = new List<string>();
rwlock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Filter = "*.*";
watcher.Created += watcher_FileCreated;
watcher.Path = path;
watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = true;
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}
private void ProcessQueue()
{
List<string> list = new List<string>();
try
{
Console.WriteLine("Processing queue, " + filePaths.Count + " files created:");
rwlock.EnterReadLock();
}
finally
{
if (processTimer != null)
{
processTimer.Stop();
processTimer.Dispose();
processTimer = null;
OnFileListCreated(new FileListEventArgs { FileList = filePaths });
filePaths.Clear();
}
rwlock.ExitReadLock();
}
}
void watcher_FileCreated(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
try
{
rwlock.EnterWriteLock();
filePaths.Add(e.FullPath);
if (processTimer == null)
{
// First file, start timer.
processTimer = new Timer(2000);
processTimer.Elapsed += (o, ee) => ProcessQueue();
processTimer.Start();
}
else
{
// Subsequent file, reset timer.
processTimer.Stop();
processTimer.Start();
}
}
finally
{
rwlock.ExitWriteLock();
}
}
我不得不将事件触发器移动到finally语句中，这是有效的。我不知道是否有某种原因我不想这样做？
答案 0 :(得分：10)
public class Monitor : IDisposable
{
private List<string> filePaths;
private ReaderWriterLockSlim rwlock;
private Timer processTimer;
private string watchedPath;
private FileSystemWatcher watcher;
public Monitor(string watchedPath)
{
filePaths = new List<string>();
rwlock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
this.watchedPath = watchedPath;
InitFileSystemWatcher();
}
private void InitFileSystemWatcher()
{
watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
watcher.Filter = "*.*";
watcher.Created += Watcher_FileCreated;
watcher.Error += Watcher_Error;
watcher.Path = watchedPath;
watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = true;
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}
private void Watcher_Error(object sender, ErrorEventArgs e)
{
// Watcher crashed. Re-init.
InitFileSystemWatcher();
}
private void Watcher_FileCreated(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
try
{
rwlock.EnterWriteLock();
filePaths.Add(e.FullPath);
if (processTimer == null)
{
// First file, start timer.
processTimer = new Timer(2000);
processTimer.Elapsed += ProcessQueue;
processTimer.Start();
}
else
{
// Subsequent file, reset timer.
processTimer.Stop();
processTimer.Start();
}
}
finally
{
rwlock.ExitWriteLock();
}
}
private void ProcessQueue(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs args)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine("Processing queue, " + filePaths.Count + " files created:");
rwlock.EnterReadLock();
foreach (string filePath in filePaths)
{
Console.WriteLine(filePath);
}
filePaths.Clear();
}
finally
{
if (processTimer != null)
{
processTimer.Stop();
processTimer.Dispose();
processTimer = null;
}
rwlock.ExitReadLock();
}
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (rwlock != null)
{
rwlock.Dispose();
rwlock = null;
}
if (watcher != null)
{
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = false;
watcher.Dispose();
watcher = null;
}
}
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
}
请记住在fswatcher上设置缓冲区大小并实现fswatcher的“复活”（如果它出错）（即将错误事件绑定到重新创建观察者的方法）。
编辑：注意，此示例中的计时器是System.Timers.Timer，而不是System.Threading.Timer
编辑：现在包含观察者的错误处理，处理逻辑。
答案 1 :(得分：4)
我必须做同样的事情。在Monitor类中使用System.Timers.Timer并对其Elapsed事件进行编码以处理文件列表并清除List。当第一项通过FSW事件添加到文件列表中时，启动计时器。当后续项目添加到列表'重置'时，通过停止并重新启动它。
这样的事情：
class Monitor
{
FileSystemWatcher _fsw;
Timer _notificationTimer;
List<string> _filePaths = new List<string>();
public Monitor() {
_notificationTimer = new Timer();
_notificationTimer.Elapsed += notificationTimer_Elapsed;
// CooldownSeconds is the number of seconds the Timer is 'extended' each time a file is added.
// I found it convenient to put this value in an app config file.
_notificationTimer.Interval = CooldownSeconds * 1000;
_fsw = new FileSystemWatcher();
// Set up the particulars of your FileSystemWatcher.
_fsw.Created += fsw_Created;
}
private void notificationTimer_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e) {
//
// Do what you want to do with your List of files.
//
// Stop the timer and wait for the next batch of files.
_notificationTimer.Stop();
// Clear your file List.
_filePaths = new List<string>();
}
// Fires when a file is created.
private void fsw_Created(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e) {
// Add to our List of files.
_filePaths.Add(e.Name);
// 'Reset' timer.
_notificationTimer.Stop();
_notificationTimer.Start();
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：3)
Rx - 油门 - 让这项工作变得轻松。这是一个可测试的，可重复使用的解决方案。
public class Files
{
public static FileSystemWatcher WatchForChanges(string path, string filter, Action triggeredAction)
{
var monitor = new FileSystemWatcher(path, filter);
//monitor.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.FileName;
monitor.Changed += (o, e) => triggeredAction.Invoke();
monitor.Created += (o, e) => triggeredAction.Invoke();
monitor.Renamed += (o, e) => triggeredAction.Invoke();
monitor.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
return monitor;
}
}
允许将事件合并为单个序列
public IObservable<Unit> OnUpdate(string path, string pattern)
{
return Observable.Create<Unit>(o =>
{
var watcher = Files.WatchForChanges(path, pattern, () => o.OnNext(new Unit()));
return watcher;
});
}
最后，用法
OnUpdate(path, "*.*").Throttle(Timespan.FromSeconds(10)).Subscribe(this, _ => DoWork())
答案 3 :(得分：2)
此外，将缓冲区大小设置为大于默认值以避免缓冲区溢出。如果在源目录中删除了超过25个文件（在我的测试中），就会发生这种情况。如果删除了200个文件，则仅调用几个文件的事件处理程序，而不是所有文件。
_watcher.InternalBufferSize = 65536; //最大缓冲区大小