我是 Java 和 Spring 的新手，我目前正在尝试了解 aop。我正在尝试使用我的自定义注释和 @After 建议来实现非常简单的代码，但由于某种原因它不起作用，我期望的是在控制台 1 和 2 上输入我只得到 1 做你们知道吗为什么？
注释
package Terative.Services;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface MyAnnotation {
}
pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
psvm
package Terative;
import Terative.Services.Simulation_service;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
Simulation_service mm = new Simulation_service();
mm.metoda();
}
}
方面
package Terative.Services;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@org.springframework.stereotype.Service
@Aspect
@Component
public class Simulation_service {
@Pointcut("@annotation(MyAnnotation)")
public void MyAnnotationMethod() {
}
@MyAnnotation
public void metoda() {
System.out.println("1");
}
@After("MyAnnotationMethod()")
public void metoda2() {
System.out.println("2");
}
}
C:\Users\mtsge\.jdks\azul-13.0.6\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.4\lib\idea_rt.jar=51747:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.4\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\mtsge\OneDrive\Pulpit\j\demo\target\classes;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-aop\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-aop-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\2.5.2\spring-boot-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\2.5.2\spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-logging-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.2.3\logback-classic-1.2.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.2.3\logback-core-1.2.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-to-slf4j\2.14.1\log4j-to-slf4j-2.14.1.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-api\2.14.1\log4j-api-2.14.1.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.31\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.31.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\jakarta\annotation\jakarta.annotation-api\1.3.5\jakarta.annotation-api-1.3.5.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.28\snakeyaml-1.28.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\5.3.8\spring-aop-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\5.3.8\spring-beans-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\aspectj\aspectjweaver\1.9.6\aspectjweaver-1.9.6.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-data-jpa\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-jdbc\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-jdbc-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\zaxxer\HikariCP\4.0.3\HikariCP-4.0.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-jdbc\5.3.8\spring-jdbc-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\jakarta\transaction\jakarta.transaction-api\1.3.3\jakarta.transaction-api-1.3.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\jakarta\persistence\jakarta.persistence-api\2.2.3\jakarta.persistence-api-2.2.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\hibernate\hibernate-core\5.4.32.Final\hibernate-core-5.4.32.Final.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\jboss\logging\jboss-logging\3.4.2.Final\jboss-logging-3.4.2.Final.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\javassist\javassist\3.27.0-GA\javassist-3.27.0-GA.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\net\bytebuddy\byte-buddy\1.10.22\byte-buddy-1.10.22.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\antlr\antlr\2.7.7\antlr-2.7.7.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\jboss\jandex\2.2.3.Final\jandex-2.2.3.Final.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\classmate\1.5.1\classmate-1.5.1.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\dom4j\dom4j\2.1.3\dom4j-2.1.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\hibernate\common\hibernate-commons-annotations\5.1.2.Final\hibernate-commons-annotations-5.1.2.Final.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\glassfish\jaxb\jaxb-runtime\2.3.4\jaxb-runtime-2.3.4.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\glassfish\jaxb\txw2\2.3.4\txw2-2.3.4.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\sun\istack\istack-commons-runtime\3.0.12\istack-commons-runtime-3.0.12.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\sun\activation\jakarta.activation\1.2.2\jakarta.activation-1.2.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\data\spring-data-jpa\2.5.2\spring-data-jpa-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\data\spring-data-commons\2.5.2\spring-data-commons-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-orm\5.3.8\spring-orm-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\5.3.8\spring-context-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-tx\5.3.8\spring-tx-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.31\slf4j-api-1.7.31.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aspects\5.3.8\spring-aspects-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-web\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-web-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-json\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-json-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.12.3\jackson-databind-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.12.3\jackson-annotations-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.12.3\jackson-core-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\datatype\jackson-datatype-jdk8\2.12.3\jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\datatype\jackson-datatype-jsr310\2.12.3\jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\module\jackson-module-parameter-names\2.12.3\jackson-module-parameter-names-2.12.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-tomcat\2.5.2\spring-boot-starter-tomcat-2.5.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-core\9.0.48\tomcat-embed-core-9.0.48.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-el\9.0.48\tomcat-embed-el-9.0.48.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-websocket\9.0.48\tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.48.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-web\5.3.8\spring-web-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-webmvc\5.3.8\spring-webmvc-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\5.3.8\spring-expression-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\8.0.25\mysql-connector-java-8.0.25.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\projectlombok\lombok\1.18.20\lombok-1.18.20.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\jakarta\xml\bind\jakarta.xml.bind-api\2.3.3\jakarta.xml.bind-api-2.3.3.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\jakarta\activation\jakarta.activation-api\1.2.2\jakarta.activation-api-1.2.2.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\5.3.8\spring-core-5.3.8.jar;C:\Users\mtsge\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-jcl\5.3.8\spring-jcl-5.3.8.jar Terative.DemoApplication
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.5.2)
2021-06-26 16:15:03.432 INFO 8188 --- [ main] Terative.DemoApplication : Starting DemoApplication using Java 13.0.6 on DESKTOP-61G00PJ with PID 8188 (C:\Users\mtsge\OneDrive\Pulpit\j\demo\target\classes started by mtsge in C:\Users\mtsge\OneDrive\Pulpit\j\demo)
2021-06-26 16:15:03.432 INFO 8188 --- [ main] Terative.DemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2021-06-26 16:15:05.764 INFO 8188 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode.
2021-06-26 16:15:05.800 INFO 8188 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 11 ms. Found 0 JPA repository interfaces.
2021-06-26 16:15:07.758 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2021-06-26 16:15:07.779 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2021-06-26 16:15:07.779 INFO 8188 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.48]
2021-06-26 16:15:08.007 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2021-06-26 16:15:08.007 INFO 8188 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 4292 ms
2021-06-26 16:15:08.462 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
2021-06-26 16:15:08.555 INFO 8188 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.4.32.Final
2021-06-26 16:15:08.801 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.2.Final}
2021-06-26 16:15:08.961 INFO 8188 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2021-06-26 16:15:09.603 INFO 8188 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2021-06-26 16:15:09.681 INFO 8188 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect
2021-06-26 16:15:10.478 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.h.e.t.j.p.i.JtaPlatformInitiator : HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.NoJtaPlatform]
2021-06-26 16:15:10.499 INFO 8188 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2021-06-26 16:15:10.612 WARN 8188 --- [ main] JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. Explicitly configure spring.jpa.open-in-view to disable this warning
2021-06-26 16:15:11.930 INFO 8188 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2021-06-26 16:15:11.945 INFO 8188 --- [ main] Terative.DemoApplication : Started DemoApplication in 9.53 seconds (JVM running for 10.837)
1
Process finished with exit code -1
答案 0 :(得分：0)
在这里您自己创建实例。 Spring 不能使用任何方面，因为它不属于 spring 上下文。
Simulation_service mm = new Simulation_service();
mm.metoda();
您需要从 spring 上下文中检索实例。然后调用该方法将导致方面执行。
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
Simulation_service mm = context.getBean(Simulation_service.class)
mm.metoda();
}
如果其他一切都进行了微调，它将起作用。在每种情况下，我在此描述的内容都是前进的必要条件。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
结果建议和自定义注释不能在同一个类中，考虑到创建 aop 的原因，这是可以理解的，我将带有自定义注释的方法 metoda() 移动到另一个类，并用 @Bean 注释标记它