Question

参考这个问题：

How to reshape data from long to wide format

set.seed(45)
dat1 <- data.frame(
  name = rep(c("firstName", "secondName"), each=4),
  timeperiod = c("Q1","Q2","Q3","Q4"),
  height = c(2,9,1,2,11,15,16,10),
weight=c(1,4,2,8,2,9,1,2)
  )

dat1

    name       timeperiod height weight
1  firstName         Q1      2      1
2  firstName         Q2      9      4
3  firstName         Q3      1      2
4  firstName         Q4      2      8
5 secondName         Q1     11      2
6 secondName         Q2     15      9
7 secondName         Q3     16      1
8 secondName         Q4     10      2

假设我有上面提供的生成代码的数据框。

我想要一个结构化的数据集：

  name        Variable   Q1        Q2         Q3       Q4
  firstName  height      2         9          1         2
  firstName  weight      1         4          2         8
  secondName height      11        15         16        10
  secondName weight      2         9          1         2

正在寻找使用基础 R 而不是 tidyverse 的解决方案。尝试使用 reshape 函数执行此操作，但对其他基本 R 函数开放。

Answer 1

基础 R：

一种方法可以是：

reshape(cbind(dat1[1:2], stack(dat1, 3:4)), timevar = 'timeperiod',
        dir = 'wide', idvar = c('name', 'ind'))

         name    ind values.Q1 values.Q2 values.Q3 values.Q4
1   firstName height         2         9         1         2
5  secondName height        11        15        16        10
9   firstName weight         1         4         2         8
13 secondName weight         2         9         1         2

如果使用其他包，请考虑 recast 包中的 reshape 函数：

reshape2::recast(dat1, name+variable~timeperiod, id.var = c('name', 'timeperiod'))
        name variable Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
1  firstName   height  2  9  1  2
2  firstName   weight  1  4  2  8
3 secondName   height 11 15 16 10
4 secondName   weight  2  9  1  2

Answer 2

在转换为“宽”之前，我们可能需要将其重塑为“长”

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
dat1 %>% 
    pivot_longer(cols = c(height, weight), names_to = 'Variable') %>% 
    pivot_wider(names_from = "timeperiod", values_from = "value")

-输出

# A tibble: 4 x 6
  name       Variable    Q1    Q2    Q3    Q4
  <chr>      <chr>    <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 firstName  height       2     9     1     2
2 firstName  weight       1     4     2     8
3 secondName height      11    15    16    10
4 secondName weight       2     9     1     2

或者在reshape中使用base R

names(dat1)[3:4] <- c("1_height", "1_weight")
reshape(reshape(dat1, direction = 'long', varying = 3:4, 
     sep = "_")[-5], direction = "wide", 
    idvar = c("name", "time"), timevar = "timeperiod")

Answer 3

这是另一个 Tidyr 示例

dat1 %>% 
  tidyr::gather(variable, Amount,  - name ,-timeperiod) %>%
  tidyr::spread(timeperiod, Amount, fill = 0)

通过多种因素从长格式到宽格式重塑

3 个答案: