错误 - “无法调用“org.openqa.selenium.WebElement.sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence[])”，因为“this.UserName”为空

Question

我是 Java 和 Selenium 的新手。 下面是我的 POM、驱动程序实用程序和测试用例的 java 类。

当我将测试用例作为 TestNG 测试运行时，我有： 失败：验证登录 java.lang.NullPointerException：无法调用“org.openqa.selenium.WebElement.sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence[])”，因为“this.userName”为空。

请帮帮我。如果需要更多信息，请告诉我。 提前致谢。

<----------------------------------------POM-- ------------------------------------------------>< /strong>

fn example<'a>(text: &'a str) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a str> + 'a {
    let mut i = 0;
    iter::from_fn(move || {
        if i <= text.len() {
            let chunk = &text[..i];
            i += 1;
            Some(chunk)
        } else {
            None
        }
    })
}

<----------------------------------------驱动程序-- ---------------------------------------------->

package com.inetBankingV1.pageObjects;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import com.inetBankingV1.utilities.callBrowserDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Wait;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class LoginPage {
    
    WebDriver driver;
    
    @FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT, using="Log in")
    WebElement logUser;
    
    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using="username")
    WebElement userName;
    
    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using="password")
    WebElement passWord;
    
    
    //constructor
    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)
    {
        this.driver=driver;
    }
    
    public  void loginCheck(String uname,String passwd)
    {
        userName.sendKeys(uname);
        passWord.sendKeys(passwd);
        logUser.click();
    }

}

<--------------------------------------测试用例--- ----------------------------------------->< /p>

    package com.inetBankingV1.utilities;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

public class callBrowserDriver {
    
    public WebDriver startApplication(String browser, String baseURL, WebDriver driver)
    
    {
    
    if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox"))
            {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "./Drivers/geckodriver.exe");
        FirefoxOptions firefoxOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
        firefoxOptions.setCapability("marionette", true);
         driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxOptions);
         
            }
    
    if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome"))
            {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "./Drivers/chromedriver.exe");
        driver=new ChromeDriver();
            }
    
    driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    driver.navigate().to(baseURL);
    
    return driver;

}
    
}

Answer 1

看看这是否有效：-

 @FindBy(how=How.ID, using="inline-search-submit")
 WebElement logUser;
    
 @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using="user")
 WebElement userName;
    
 @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using="pass")
 WebElement passWord;
    

Answer 2

使用initElements初始化POM类的webelements后问题解决：

LoginPage login=PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPage.class);

Answer 3

Use below line in your constructor
PageFactory.initElements( driver, this);

----------------------------------------------

public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) 
    {
        this.driver=driver;
        PageFactory.initElements( driver, this);
    }

This should solve your problem.