我有一个应用程序从XML读取文件名及其等效的哈希代码（在我使用相同的应用程序创建XML之后），我希望它做的是比较一个XML（文件及其哈希码）到另一个XML（可能有不同的文件和哈希码）。我正在尝试创建一个比较函数，以便我可以比较两个XML之间的文件名，然后比较两个XML中存在文件的哈希代码。
（为了帮助理解我试图实现什么基本上我有2个列表框彼此相邻，每个xml一个。一旦我比较它们我想要两个列表框填充所有文件名但不填充哈希码然后到用不同的颜色标记它们，具体取决于它们是相同的文件，相同的文件但不同的内容，或者该文件在其他XML中根本不存在。）
我很难找到存储文件名及其哈希码的方法。
代码（我正在使用我创建的C ++ Dll来完成一些工作）：
private String[] ProjOne()
{
//Intialize the functions in the DLL
DllTest.Funtions Functions = new DllTest.Funtions();
//Set the location where the XMLs can be found
String Directory = "C:\\Users\\brandonm\\Desktop\\Backup\\XML\\";
//Get and set the number of items in the directory
int NumFiles = Functions.GetNumFiles(Directory);
//Create a search string to be used to determine the fullpath name of the file
//selected from the combobox
String SelectedFile = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString();
String SearchString = "*" + SelectedFile + "*.XML";
//Get and set the TC that will be used to get the filenames and hashcodes
int SelectedTC = int.Parse(comboBox2.SelectedItem.ToString());
//Get and set an array containing a full path structure to the item selected from
//the combobox using the search string created earlier. Get files returns an array
//thus needs to be stored in an array
String[] FullPaths = new String[NumFiles];
FullPaths = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles("C:\\Users\\brandonm\\Desktop\\Backup\\XML", SearchString, System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
int number = FullPaths.GetLength(0);
// The number of items in the XML ie. Number of Filenames in a particular TC
int NumXMLItems = NumXMLItemsListOne();
// Initialize the array that will hold the Filenames and their equivalent Hashcodes
String[] FileNames = new String[NumXMLItems];
String[] HashCode = new String[NumXMLItems];
String[,] ProjectOne = new String[HashCode.Length, HashCode.Length];
//Itteration through the all the XMLs in the location to add the current items into their arrays
for (int x = 0; x < NumFiles; x++)
{
String FullPath = FullPaths[x];
XPathNavigator Root = new XPathDocument(FullPath).CreateNavigator();
foreach (XPathNavigator Cycle in Root.Select(String.Format(@"//TestCycle[@Number = '{0}']", SelectedTC)))
{
foreach (XPathNavigator Nav in Cycle.Select(@"Files/FileName/@File"))
{
int y = 0;
FileNames[y] = Nav.Value;
y = y + 1;
}
foreach (XPathNavigator Nav in Cycle.Select(@"Files/HashCode/@Code"))
{
int z = 0;
HashCode[z] = Nav.Value;
z = z + 1;
}
}
}
return FileNames;
}
XML：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Projects>
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="2387468">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" />
<HashCode Code="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" />
<HashCode Code="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" />
<HashCode Code="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="23423">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" />
<HashCode Code="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" />
<HashCode Code="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" />
<HashCode Code="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="1112">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" />
<HashCode Code="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" />
<HashCode Code="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" />
<HashCode Code="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="999">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" />
<HashCode Code="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" />
<HashCode Code="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" />
<HashCode Code="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="34534">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" />
<HashCode Code="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" />
<HashCode Code="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" />
<HashCode Code="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
<Project Name="Music">
<TestCycle Number="12312">
<Files>
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\01 A1 Shut Ya Mouth.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="3E-92-80-93-D5-64-19-16-26-8D-39-2A-C7-0B-C8-EB" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\01 A1 Snake Eater.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="8B-DF-19-AE-87-52-64-2E-85-CF-57-4B-85-4D-CC-E9" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\01 A1 Stuck in the System.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="6A-30-A7-53-FF-29-A5-DF-6D-24-DF-41-74-EE-06-4D" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\01 Martin Solveig - Hello (Featuring Dragonette).mp3" />
<HashCode Code="93-90-A3-9C-BE-81-63-03-D7-96-1F-72-E4-ED-2D-32" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\01 Stimming - Funkworm.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="8F-E1-7A-F1-B7-80-C6-2F-DC-34-FD-82-A0-DA-35-5E" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\1. Downlink - Ignition.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="3D-89-B3-C2-73-A6-A0-85-02-C0-B4-F9-C8-09-14-C7" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\02 B1 Psychedelic Runway.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="00-72-5C-CE-25-73-98-31-69-71-68-48-31-A1-A3-5A" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\02 B1 Rapture.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="1E-A6-53-07-10-FD-A3-4C-EF-D6-92-7F-CE-97-88-6E" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\02_Digital-Controller.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="94-E0-CA-5F-2B-D2-56-7B-AF-2E-04-50-58-38-4D-B4" />
<FileName File="C:\Users\brandonm\Desktop\Stuff\Dubstep\2. Downlink - Gamma Ray.mp3" />
<HashCode Code="3C-7A-76-AD-A6-2C-D1-7E-61-24-C0-40-BD-A7-A9-41" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
</Projects>
我目前有另一个与上面的功能相同的功能，因此每个列表框只有一个，唯一的区别是文件和testcyle数字决定了它们将在XML中检索文件和哈希码的位置。它们将它们存储在4个独立的阵列中，每个功能2个阵列。但显然我的函数不能返回两个数组，因此它目前只返回一个数组。
2D阵列让我很困惑，我不确定当我需要做的比较时，我将如何获得我需要的信息。任何人都可以指导我做一个更好的方法吗？
我不想真正为每组文件名制作4个函数，如上面的那个，然后是每组哈希码。但我还是初学者，所以也许这是我最好的选择？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
最好不要复制功能。您想要制作一个可以在所有情况下使用的单一功能。
至于存储文件名和哈希码，.NET有许多可用的有用集合类。例如，您可以像这样使用Dictionary<string, string>：
Dictionary<string, string> dictionary = new Dictionary<string, string>();
for (int i = 0; i < NumFiles; i++)
{
dictionary.Add(FileNames[i], HashCode[i]);
}
上面的代码可以放在你提供的函数中的return语句之前。然后返回字典。当然，您可以通过将它们直接存储在字典中来缩短整个函数，但我会留下让您自行决定。
现在，无论何处调用此函数，您都可能需要遍历此字典。这是一种方法：
foreach (var pair in dictionary)
{
string filename = pair.Key;
string hashcode = pair.Value;
// Do whatever you want with them here
}
毫无疑问，还有其他方法可以做你想做的事。我不完全确定你的总体目标是什么。您也应该尝试使用其他通用集合，例如List<T>。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
如果HashCode属于File，为什么它不是它的子元素/属性？它会使解析更容易。
由于您创建了文件，我将创建如下结构：
<Project Name="tfasdtyf">
<TestCycle Number="23423">
<Files>
<File Name="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\DllTest.dll" HashCode="0E-C5-03-AD-CC-21-62-49-D9-36-3F-C4-F1-17-BC-11" />
<File Name="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.exe" HashCode="60-46-A3-6F-82-E4-0A-00-2A-60-83-47-B2-16-F3-24" />
<File Name="C:\Users\brandonm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\WpfDllTest\WpfDllTest\bin\x86\Release\WpfDllTest.vshost.exe" HashCode="76-7B-6F-37-0D-3A-F2-F4-32-D1-70-A5-75-3B-DE-95" />
</Files>
</TestCycle>
</Project>
然后使用一些XElement魔法，您可以使用：
public class Project
{
XElement self;
public Project(XElement project)
{
self = project;
}
public TestCycle TestCycle
{
get
{
// If there are more than one TestCycle per project, you may end
// up creating something similar to TestCycle.Files (see TestCycle class below)
XElement testCycle = self.Element("TestCycle");
if(null == testCycle)
self.Add(testCycle = new XElement("TestCycle"));
return new TestCycle(testCycle);
}
}
public string Name
{
get { return return self.GetString("Name", string.Empty, ATTRIBUTE); }
set { self.Set("Name", value, ATTRIBUTE); } // see Set Extension method below
}
public static IEnumerable<Project> Load(string filename)
{
return XElement.Load(filename)).Elements("Project").Select(xp => new Project(xp));
}
}
public class TestCycle
{
XElement self;
public TestCycle(XElement testCycle)
{
self = testCycle;
}
private XElement XFiles
{
get
{
XElement files = self.Element("Files");
if(null == files)
self.Add(files = new XElement("Files"));
return files;
}
}
public IEnumerable<FileHash> Files
{
get
{
return XFiles.Elements("File").Select(xf => new FileHash(xf));
}
}
public int Number
{
get { return self.GetInt("Number", 0, ATTRIBUTE); }
set { self.Set("Number", value, ATTRIBUTE); } // see Set Extension method below
}
public FileHash AddFile(string name, string hashCode)
{
FileHash file = Files.FirstOrDefault(xf => xf.Name == name);
if(null != file)
file.self.Remove(); // replacing (but could throw an exception saying already exists instead)
XElement xFile = new XElement("File");
self.Add(xFile);
file = new FileHash(xFile)
{
Name = name,
HashCode = hashCode
};
return file;
}
}
public class FileHash
{
internal XElement self;
public FileHash(XElement fileHash)
{
self = fileHash;
}
public string Name
{
get { return self.GetString("Name", string.Empty, ATTRIBUTE); }
set { self.Set("Name", value, ATTRIBUTE); } // see Set Extension method below
}
public string HashCode
{
get { return return self.GetString("HashCode", string.Empty, ATTRIBUTE); }
set { self.Set("HashCode", value, ATTRIBUTE); } // see Set Extension method below
}
}
扩展方法：
public static XElementExtensions
{
public const bool ATTRIBUTE = true;
public const bool ELEMENT = false;
public const bool? BOTH = null;
public void Set(this XElement self, string name, object value, bool isAttribute)
{
string sValue = value.ToString();
XElement eValue = self.Element(name);
XAttribute aValue = self.Attribute(name);
if(null != eValue)
eValue.ReplaceWith(new XElement(name, sValue));
else if(null != aValue)
aValue.ReplaceWith(new XAttribute(name, sValue));
else if(isAttribute)
self.Add(new XAttribute(name, sValue));
else
self.Add(new XElement(name, sValue));
}
public string GetString(this XElement self, string name, string @default, bool? isAttribute)
{
XAttribute aValue = self.Attribute(name);
XElement eValue = self.Element(name);
if(null == isAttribute) // try both
{
if(null != aValue) return (string)aValue;
if(null != eValue) return (string)eValue;
return @default;
}
if(isAttribute && null != aValue)
return (string)aValue;
if(!isAttribute && null != eValue)
return (string)eValue);
return @default;
}
public int GetInt(this XElement self, string name, int @default, bool? isAttribute)
{
return Convert
.ToInt32(GetString(self, name, null, isAttribute) ?? @default.ToString());
}
}
然后你可以使用如下代码：
Project[] projects = Project.Load(filename).ToArray();
foreach(Project project in projects)
{
Console.WriteLine("Project: " + project.Name);
Console.WriteLine("TestCycle: " + project.TestCycle.Number.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Files:");
foreach(FileHash file in project.TestCycle.Files)
Console.WriteLine(string.Format(" Name: {0}, HashCode: {1}", file.Name, file.HashCode));
}
或者对于您的应用程序，比较两个xml文件：
var fileA = Project.Load(fileAname);
var fileB = Project.Load(fileBname);
我不太清楚你的意思，所有文件，但我会尝试。
File[] filesA = fileA.SelectMany(project => project.TestCycle.Files).ToArray();
File[] filesB = fileB.SelectMany(project => project.TestCycle.Files).ToArray();
使用这些扩展方法：
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Except<TSource>
(
this IEnumerable<TSource> first,
IEnumerable<TSource> second,
Func<TSource, TSource, bool> comparer
)
{
return first.Except(second, new LambdaComparer<TSource>(comparer));
}
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Intersect<TSource>
(
this IEnumerable<TSource> first,
IEnumerable<TSource> second,
Func<TSource, TSource, bool> comparer
)
{
return first.Intersect(second, new LambdaComparer<TSource>(comparer));
}
LambdaComparer类：
public class LambdaComparer<T> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private readonly Func<T, T, bool> equals;
private readonly Func<T, int> getHashCode;
public LambdaComparer(Func<T, T, bool> lambdaComparer) :
this(lambdaComparer, o => o.GetHashCode())
{
}
public LambdaComparer(Func<T, T, bool> lambdaComparer, Func<T, int> lambdaHash)
{
if (lambdaComparer == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("lambdaComparer");
if (lambdaHash == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("lambdaHash");
equals = lambdaComparer;
getHashCode = lambdaHash;
}
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return equals(x, y);
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return getHashCode(obj);
}
}
File[] filesInA_butNotInB = filesA.Except(filesB, (a,b) => a.Name == b.Name).ToArray();
File[] filesInBoth = filesA.Intersect(filesB, (a,b) => a.Name == b.Name).ToArray();
File[] filesInBoth_butDifferentHash = FilesA.Intersect(filesB, (a,b) => a.Name == b.Name && a.HashCode != b.HashCode).ToArray();
应该“让你开始”......
PS：我写的（大部分）都是手工编写的，不是通过编译器编写的，所以编译器可能会捕获一些错字。
PS：此外，所有.ToArray()'s只是因为File[]比IEnumerable<File>更容易阅读。它更容易阅读，但无论如何都是相同的打字方式。
PSS：我希望你觉得这很有用。我喜欢Xml Linq处理事物的方式，因此有趣写出来。