如何最小化 Matplotlib 中子图之间的空间？

Question

今天我一直在努力解决matplotlib中的这个空间问题。

我正在使用带有子图的 matplotlib。

当我调用 plot_circles_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis,...) 方法时，它会在下面产生额外的空间。

我怎样才能最小化这个空间？

这是复制它并得到图形的小代码：

但是，如果我调用上面的语句，plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis)，这个调用不会导致任何额外的空间。

plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis) # 图之间没有空格

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import gridspec
import os
import numpy as np

def plot_circles_in_given_axis(ax,
                     label_strings,
                     my_types,
                     xticklabels_list,
                     y_axis_label):

    ax.set_aspect(1.0)
    title = 'Title'
    ax.text(len(label_strings) * 3, len(y_axis_label) + 2.5, title, horizontalalignment='center', fontsize=60, fontweight='bold', fontname='Arial')
    colors = ['green','orange','purple','gray','blue','silver']

    x = 0
    for i in range(0, len(my_types), 1):
        ax.text((x + (len(label_strings) / 2) - 0.75), len(y_axis_label) + 1.5, my_types[i],fontsize=55, fontweight='bold', fontname='Arial')
        ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((x + .0415, len(y_axis_label) + 0.75), len(label_strings) - (2 * .0415), .5,facecolor=colors[i], clip_on=False))
        ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((x, 0), len(label_strings), len(y_axis_label), facecolor=colors[i], zorder=0,alpha=0.25, edgecolor='grey'))
        x += len(label_strings)

    # CODE GOES HERE TO CENTER X-AXIS LABELS...
    ax.set_xlim([0, len(my_types) * len(label_strings)])
    ax.set_xticklabels([])
    ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', length=0, labelsize=35)

    ax.set_xticks(np.arange(0, len(my_types) * len(label_strings), 1))
    ax.set_xticks(np.arange(0, len(my_types) * len(label_strings), 1) + 0.5, minor=True)

    ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels_list, minor=True)
    ax.xaxis.set_label_position('top')
    ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top')

    ax.tick_params(
        axis='x',  # changes apply to the x-axis
        which='both',  # both major and minor ticks are affected
        bottom=False,  # ticks along the bottom edge are off
        top=False)  # labels along the bottom edge are off

    # CODE GOES HERE TO CENTER Y-AXIS LABELS...
    ax.set_ylim([0, len(y_axis_label)])
    ax.set_yticklabels([])
    ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', length=0, labelsize=40)

    ax.set_yticks(np.arange(0, len(y_axis_label), 1))
    ax.set_yticks(np.arange(0, len(y_axis_label), 1) + 0.5, minor=True)
    ax.set_yticklabels(y_axis_label, minor=True)  # fontsize

    ax.tick_params(
        axis='y',  # changes apply to the x-axis
        which='both',  # both major and minor ticks are affected
        left=False)  # labels along the bottom edge are off

    ax.grid(which='major', color='black', zorder=3)


def plot_bars(N,
                 x_axis_tick_labels,
                 y_axis_label,
                 bar1_values,
                 bar2_values,
                 color1,
                 color2,
                 width,
                 axis_given):

    ind = np.arange(N)
    ax=axis_given

    ax.bar(ind, bar1_values, width=width, edgecolor='black', color=color1)
    ax.bar(ind + width, bar2_values, width=width, edgecolor='black', color=color2)
    ax.tick_params(axis='x', labelsize=35)
    ax.tick_params(axis='y', labelsize=35)

    ax.set_xticklabels(x_axis_tick_labels, fontsize=35)
    ax.set_ylabel(y_axis_label, fontsize=35, fontweight='normal')
    ax.set_xticks(ind + width / 2)

    ax.set_facecolor('white')
    ax.spines["bottom"].set_color('black')
    ax.spines["left"].set_color('black')
    ax.spines["top"].set_color('black')
    ax.spines["right"].set_color('black')


def plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(axis):
    my_types = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
    width = 0.20
    color1='red'
    color2='blue'
    bar1=[100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150]
    bar2=[100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150]

    y_axis_label = 'y axis label'
    plot_bars(len(my_types),
                             my_types,
                             y_axis_label,
                             bar1,
                             bar2,
                             color1,
                             color2,
                             width,
                             axis)


def plots_all_together():
    label_strings=['a','b','c','d','e','f']
    xticklabels_list = label_strings * 6

    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5 + 1.5 * len(xticklabels_list), 30 + 1.5))
    plt.rc('axes', edgecolor='lightgray')

    width = 7
    height = 3
    width_ratios = [1] * width
    height_ratios = [1] * height
    gs = gridspec.GridSpec(height, width, height_ratios = height_ratios, width_ratios = width_ratios)

    fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0, wspace=0)
    cirle_plot_axis = plt.subplot(gs[0:2, :])
    left_bar_plot_axis = plt.subplot(gs[2:, 0:3])
    right_bar_plot_axis = plt.subplot(gs[2:, 4:])

    plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(left_bar_plot_axis)
    plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(right_bar_plot_axis)

    # plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis)  # No space between plots: good
    plot_circles_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis,label_strings,label_strings,xticklabels_list,['abc'])  # Unnecessary space between plots: how to solve it?

    filename = 'test_with_bar_plot_circles.png'
    figFile = os.path.join('/Users/burcakotlu/Desktop', filename)
    fig.savefig(figFile, dpi=100, bbox_inches="tight")

    plt.cla()
    plt.close(fig)

plots_all_together()

使用plot_circles_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis,label_strings,label_strings,xticklabels_list,['abc']) # 图之间不必要的空间

使用plot_bar_plot_in_given_axis(cirle_plot_axis) # 图之间没有空格