我正在使用 pygmae 在 python 中制作游戏。我在使用 Init 时遇到了问题，它说它有 2 个参数。但我只给出了一个，我在网上找到了其他解决方案，但这些解决方案并不完全有效，过去我也多次遇到此错误，通常当我修复它时，它会以非常不寻常的方式出现，例如代码所在的地方一直到屏幕的另一边。我知道这就是 python 的工作方式，但我很确定即使在我给出的 self 方法中，我也只给了它一个位置参数> 如果有人想知道，这是错误代码（我这样做是为了让敌人出现在屏幕，所以这一切都是针对敌人的，这个问题源于我试图让敌人出现在屏幕上）
enemy = Enemy(enemy_image)
TypeError: init() 需要 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个
这是我的代码：
import pygame, sys
# classes
# Player class
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, image):
super().__init__()
self.image = image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (screen_width//2, screen_height//2))
def update(self):
self.rect.center = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
def create_bullet(self):
return Bullet(*pygame.mouse.get_pos())
# bullet class
class Bullet (pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,pos_x,pos_y):
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.Surface((50,10))
self.image.fill((255,255,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (pos_x,pos_y))
def update(self):
self.rect.x += 5
#Making the enemy work
enemy_speed_factor = 1.5
class Enemy:
def __init__(self):
"""Initialize the enemy and set its starting position"""
self.screen = screen
#Load the enemy image and get its rect
self.image = pygame.image.load("Enemy4.png")
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.scree_rect = screen.get_rect()
#start each new enemy at the bottom of the screen
self.rect.centerx = self.scree_rect.centerx
self.rect.bottom = self.scree_rect.bottom
#store a decimal value for the ships x and y center
self.centerx = float(self.rect.centerx)
self.centery = float(self.rect.centery)
#Movement flag
self.moving_right = False
self.moving_left = False
self.moving_down = False
self.moving_up = False
def update(self):
"""Update the enemys position based on the movement flag"""
#Upade the enemy's center value, not the rect.
if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
self.centerx += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.mobing_left and self.rect.left >0:
self.centerx -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.centery =+ self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.moving_down and self.rect.top > self.screen_rect.top:
self.centery -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
#Update rect object from self.center
if self.moving_up or self.moving_down:
self.rect.centery = self.centery
if self.moving_left or self.moving_right:
self.rect.centerx = self.centerx
def blitme(selfself, self):
"""draw the enemy at its current location"""
self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)
#making the movements for the enemy
def check_keydown_events(events, ship):
"""responds to keypresses"""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
ship.moving_down = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
ship.moving_up = True
def check_keyup_evets(event, ship):
"""responds to key releases"""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
ship.moving_left = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
ship.moving_down = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
ship.moving_up = False
def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
pass
def check_events(ship):
"""Respond to keypresses and mouse events"""
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
check_keydown_events(event, enemy)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
check_keyup_events(event, ship)
def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, ship):
"""Update images on the screen and flip to the new screen"""
#Redeaw the screen during each pass through the loop
screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
enemy.blitme()
#Make the most recently drawn screeen visible
pygame.display.flip()
def blitme(self):
self.screen.blit(self)
# general setup
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# game screen
screen_width = 1920
screen_height = 1080
screen = pygame .display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
background = pygame.image.load("BackGround.png")
# player
player_image = pygame.image.load("Charachter2.png")
player = Player(player_image)
player_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
player_group.add(player)
# enemy
enemy_image = pygame.image.load("Enemy4.png")
enemy = Enemy(enemy_image)
enemy_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemy_group.add(enemy)
# Bullet
bullet_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
# caption
pygame.display.set_caption("Wild-West Shooter")
# makes game quit
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame:quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
bullet_group.add(player.create_bullet())
player_group.update()
bullet_group.update()
# draw
screen.blit(background,(0,0)) # background
player_group.draw(screen) # player
bullet_group.draw(screen) # bullets
enemy.draw(screen)
#thief.draw(screen) # enemy
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(120)
# makes game run
if __name__ == "__main__" :
theApp = App()
theApp.on_execute()
答案 0 :(得分：2)
问题在于 __init__ 类的 Enemy 方法只接受 1 个参数，即 self 参数。当为类创建对象时，Python 会自动传递它。
例如，如果您有一个类 Foo，其 __init__ 方法定义为：
def __init__ (self):
# Do stuff
然后你创建一个对象：
bar = Foo()
Python 会自动转换对象调用并添加 self 参数。将其视为始终存在的 self 参数。
现在，如果你想传递两个参数，你需要像这样编辑 __init__ 方法：
def __init__(self, image):
# Do stuff
这样，__init__ 方法接受 2 个参数，self 和 image。然后你可以继续创建一个对象，如下所示：
enemy = Enemy(enemy_image)
Python 会自动给它添加 self 参数，这样你的最终对象就是 enemy = Enemy(self, enemy_image)