NSDateFormatter和时区格式为“+ HH:mm”的字符串

时间:2011-07-12 16:41:01

标签: nsdateformatter iso8601 timezone-offset

更新

从iOS 7开始,NSDateFormatter 确实在呈现此格式的字符串时确实会创建一个NSDate:

NSDateFormatter *formatter = [NSDateFormatter new];
[formatter setDateFormat:@"@"yyyy'-'MM'-'dd'T'HH':'mm':'ssZ""];

NSLog(@"non–nil date, even honoring the 7–minute–offset in the time–zone on iOS 7: %@",
     [formatter dateFromString:@"2011-07-12T18:07:31+02:07"]);

对于iOS 6,答案是不使用NSDateFormatter ......


好的,到目前为止我已阅读

关于如何使用NSDateFormatter来创建字符串中的NSDate

我偶然发现了Peter Hosey的ISO8601DateFormatter 看看他的实施,我想知道:

是不是有正确的正确的方式将2011-07-12T18:07:31+02:00这样的字符串变成NSDate

  • 如果缺少最后一个冒号就没问题。
  • 如果GMT前缀为“+” - 符号,那将是没有问题的,但是......
  • 情况并非如此。

我可以破解它为我的应用程序工作(使用格式@"yyyy'-'MM'-'dd'T'HH':'mm':'ssz':'00")但是 - 当然 - 不正确因为它会丢弃分钟 - 时区信息。

我也可以用空字符串替换最后一个冒号,但我也认为这也是一个黑客。

那么,是否有一些秘密的调料让NSDateFormatter从上面拿出那个字符串并给我一个有效且正确的NSDate


除了:

我找到了一个提示,可以使用+[NSDate dateWithNaturalLanguageString:]来实现我的目标。然而 - 这只是设定日期,而不是时间! (好吧 设置时间,但只考虑时区偏移而不是HH:mm:ss部分......)

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

这个问题有点陈旧,但我遇到了同样的问题。我提出了一些代码,这是一个答案,可能对其他人有用......

我使用正则表达式来解析ISO-8601字符串并将输出抓取成一串字符串,然后您可以使用它来创建自己的字符串以传递给NSDateFormatter(即删除冒号等)或者如果您总是想要相同的输出字符串,只需从调用NSRegularExpression的结果中创建。

//    ISO-8601 regex: 
//        YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm[:ss[.nnnnnnn]][{+|-}hh:mm]
// Unfortunately NSDateFormatter does not parse iso-8601 out of the box,
// so we need to use a regex and build up a date string ourselves.
static const char * REGEX_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP = 
            "\\A(\\d{4})-(\\d{2})-(\\d{2})T(\\d{2}):(\\d{2})" // Mandatory - YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
            "(?:"
            ":(\\d{2})"                                       // Optional - :ss
            "(?:"
            "[.](\\d{1,6})"                                   // Optional - .nnnnnn
            ")?"
            ")?"
            "(?:"
            "([+-])(\\d{2}):(\\d{2})|Z"                       // Optional -[+-]hh:mm or Z
            ")?\\z";

// Extract all the parts of the timestamp
NSError *error = NULL;
NSString *regexString = [[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:REGEX_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP];

NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:regexString
                                                                       options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive
                                                                         error:&error];

NSArray *matches = [regex matchesInString:timestamp
                              options:0
                                range:NSMakeRange(0, [timestamp length])];

// Groups:
//
// elements start at 1 in the array returned from regex, as [0] contains the original string.
//
// MANDATORY - must exist as per ISO standard
//  1  - YYYY
//  2  - MM
//  3  - DD
//  4  - hh
//  5  - mm
// OPTIONAL (each one can be optional)
//  6  - ss
//  7  - nn (microseconds)
//  8  - offset sign (+/-)
//  9  - offset hour
//  10 - offset min
// put the parts into a string which will then be recognised by NSDateFormatter
// (which is acutally RFC822 format)

// mandatory init'd to nil, optional set to defaults.
NSString *YYYY, *MM, *DD, *hh, *mm, *ss, *nn, *sign, *Zhh, *Zmm;
NSRange tempRange;

for (NSTextCheckingResult *match in matches) {
    NSRange matchRange = [match range];
    NSInteger matchCount = [match numberOfRanges] - 1;
    NSUInteger idx = 1;

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        YYYY = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        MM   = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
         tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
         DD   = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        hh   = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        mm   = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        ss   = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        nn = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        sign = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        Zhh  = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }

    if (idx < matchCount) {
        tempRange = [match rangeAtIndex:idx++];
        Zmm  = tempRange.location != NSNotFound ? [timestamp substringWithRange:tempRange] : nil;
    }
}

希望这有助于某人!

答案 1 :(得分:1)

老问题,但我找到了正确的答案:

https://gist.github.com/soffes/840291

它解析并创建ISO-8601字符串,它比NSDateFormatter

更快

以下是代码:

+ (NSDate *)dateFromISO8601String:(NSString *)string {
    if (!string) {
        return nil;
    }

    struct tm tm;
    time_t t;    

    strptime([string cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding], "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z", &tm);
    tm.tm_isdst = -1;
    t = mktime(&tm);

    return [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:t + [[NSTimeZone localTimeZone] secondsFromGMT]];
}


- (NSString *)ISO8601String {
    struct tm *timeinfo;
    char buffer[80];

    time_t rawtime = [self timeIntervalSince1970] - [[NSTimeZone localTimeZone] secondsFromGMT];
    timeinfo = localtime(&rawtime);

    strftime(buffer, 80, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z", timeinfo);

    return [NSString stringWithCString:buffer encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}