在NSUserDefaults中保存图像?

时间:2011-07-11 10:02:06

标签: ios objective-c iphone swift ipad

是否可以将图像保存为NSUserDefaults作为对象,然后检索以供进一步使用?

13 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:137)

在NSUserDefaults中保存图像:

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) forKey:key];

从NSUserDefaults中检索图像:

NSData* imageData = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:key];
UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];

答案 1 :(得分:81)

<强>注意!如果您在iOS8 / XCODE6下工作,请在下面查看我的更新

对于那些仍在寻找答案的人来说,这是在NSUserDefaults中保存图像的“可取”方式的代码。您不应该将图像数据直接保存到NSUserDefaults中!

写入数据:

// Get image data. Here you can use UIImagePNGRepresentation if you need transparency
NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1);

// Get image path in user's folder and store file with name image_CurrentTimestamp.jpg (see documentsPathForFileName below)
NSString *imagePath = [self documentsPathForFileName:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"image_%f.jpg", [NSDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate]]];

// Write image data to user's folder
[imageData writeToFile:imagePath atomically:YES];

// Store path in NSUserDefaults
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:imagePath forKey:kPLDefaultsAvatarUrl];

// Sync user defaults
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

读取数据:

NSString *imagePath = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:kPLDefaultsAvatarUrl];
if (imagePath) {
    self.avatarImageView.image = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:imagePath]];
}

<强> documentsPathForFileName:

- (NSString *)documentsPathForFileName:(NSString *)name {
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];

    return [documentsPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:name];
}

适用于iOS8 / XCODE6 正如下面的评论中提到的tmr和DevC,xcode6 / ios8存在问题。 xcode5和xcode 6安装过程之间的区别在于xcode6 在xcode中每次运行后都会更改应用程序UUID (请参阅路径中的高亮部分:/ var / mobile / Containers / Data / Application / B0D49CF5- 8FBE-4F14-87AE-FA8C16A678B1 /Documents/image.jpg)。

所以有2种解决方法:

  1. 略过这个问题,因为一旦安装在真实设备上的应用程序,它永远不会改变UUID(事实上它确实如此,但它是新应用程序)
  2. 保存所需文件夹的相对路径(在我们的例子中是应用程序的根目录)
  3. 这是快速版本的代码作为奖励(第二种方法):

    写入数据:

    let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1)
    let relativePath = "image_\(NSDate.timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate()).jpg"
    let path = self.documentsPathForFileName(relativePath)
    imageData.writeToFile(path, atomically: true)
    NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().setObject(relativePath, forKey: "path")
    NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().synchronize()
    

    读取数据:

    let possibleOldImagePath = NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().objectForKey("path") as String?
    if let oldImagePath = possibleOldImagePath {
        let oldFullPath = self.documentsPathForFileName(oldImagePath)
        let oldImageData = NSData(contentsOfFile: oldFullPath)
        // here is your saved image:
        let oldImage = UIImage(data: oldImageData)
    }
    

    <强> documentsPathForFileName:

    func documentsPathForFileName(name: String) -> String {
        let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true);
        let path = paths[0] as String;
        let fullPath = path.stringByAppendingPathComponent(name)
    
        return fullPath
    }
    

答案 2 :(得分:26)

虽然可以将UIImage保存到NSUserDefaults,但通常不建议这样做,因为它不是保存图像的最有效方法;更有效的方法是将图像保存在应用程序Documents Directory中。

出于这个问题的目的,我已经附上了你的问题的答案,以及更有效的保存UIImage的方式。


NSUserDefaults(不推荐)

保存到NSUserDefaults

此方法可让您将UIImage保存到NSUserDefaults

-(void)saveImageToUserDefaults:(UIImage *)image ofType:(NSString *)extension forKey:(NSString *)key {
    NSData * data;

    if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"png"]) {
        data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
    } else if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]) {
        data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1.0);
    }

    NSUserDefaults * userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    [userDefaults setObject:data forKey:key];
    [userDefaults synchronize];
}

这就是你所说的:

[self saveImageToUserDefaults:image ofType:@"jpg" forKey:@"myImage"];
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

从NSUserDefaults

加载

此方法允许您从UIImage加载任何NSUserDefaults

-(UIImage *)loadImageFromUserDefaultsForKey:(NSString *)key {
    NSUserDefaults * userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    return [UIImage imageWithData:[userDefaults objectForKey:key]];
}

这就是你所说的:

UIImage * image = [self loadImageFromUserDefaultsForKey:@"myImage"];

更好的选择

保存到文档目录

此方法可让您将任何UIImage保存到应用内的Documents Directory

-(void)saveImage:(UIImage *)image withFileName:(NSString *)imageName ofType:(NSString *)extension inDirectory:(NSString *)directoryPath {
    if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"png"]) {
        [UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) writeToFile:[directoryPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.%@", imageName, @"png"]] options:NSAtomicWrite error:nil];
    } else if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"jpg"] || [[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"jpeg"]) {
        [UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1.0) writeToFile:[directoryPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.%@", imageName, @"jpg"]] options:NSAtomicWrite error:nil];
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Image Save Failed\nExtension: (%@) is not recognized, use (PNG/JPG)", extension);
    }
}

这就是你所说的:

NSString * documentsDirectory = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];
[self saveImage:image withFileName:@"Ball" ofType:@"jpg" inDirectory:documentsDirectory];

从文档目录加载

此方法允许您从应用程序的UIImage加载任何Documents Directory

-(UIImage *)loadImageWithFileName:(NSString *)fileName ofType:(NSString *)extension inDirectory:(NSString *)directoryPath {
    UIImage * result = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.%@", directoryPath, fileName, [extension lowercaseString]]];

    return result;
}

这就是你所说的:

NSString * documentsDirectory = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];
UIImage * image = [self loadImageWithFileName:@"Ball" ofType:@"jpg" inDirectory:documentsDirectory];

另一种选择

将UIImage保存到照片库

此方法允许您将任何UIImage保存到设备Photo Library,并按以下方式调用:

UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(image, nil, nil, nil);

将多个UIImages保存到照片库

此方法可让您将多个UIImages保存到设备的Photo Library

-(void)saveImagesToPhotoAlbums:(NSArray *)images {
    for (int x = 0; x < [images count]; x++) {
        UIImage * image = [images objectAtIndex:x];

        if (image != nil) UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(image, nil, nil, nil);
    }
}

这就是你所说的:

[self saveImagesToPhotoAlbums:images];

images是由NSArray组成的UIImages

答案 3 :(得分:8)

对于swift 2.2

存储:

NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().setObject(UIImagePNGRepresentation(chosenImage), forKey: kKeyImage)

要检索:

if let imageData = NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().objectForKey(kKeyImage),
            let image = UIImage(data: imageData as! NSData){
            // use your image here...
}

答案 4 :(得分:6)

适用于Swift 4

我几乎尝试了这个问题的一切,但没有人为我工作。我找到了解决方案。 首先,我为UserDefaults创建了一个扩展,如下所示,然后只调用get和set方法。

extension UserDefaults {
    func imageForKey(key: String) -> UIImage? {
        var image: UIImage?
        if let imageData = data(forKey: key) {
            image = NSKeyedUnarchiver.unarchiveObject(with: imageData) as? UIImage
        }
        return image
    }
    func setImage(image: UIImage?, forKey key: String) {
        var imageData: NSData?
        if let image = image {
            imageData = NSKeyedArchiver.archivedData(withRootObject: image) as NSData?
        }
        set(imageData, forKey: key)
    } 
}

在settingsVC中将图像设置为背景我使用下面的代码。

let croppedImage = cropImage(selectedImage, toRect: rect, viewWidth: self.view.bounds.size.width, viewHeight: self.view.bounds.size.width)

imageDefaults.setImage(image: croppedImage, forKey: "imageDefaults")
在mainVC中

let bgImage = imageDefaults.imageForKey(key: "imageDefaults")!

答案 5 :(得分:5)

是的,技术上可行,如

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) forKey:@"foo"];

但不可取,因为plist不适合大块二进制数据,尤其是User Prefs。最好将图像保存到用户docs文件夹,并将对该对象的引用存储为URL或路径。

答案 6 :(得分:3)

来自Apple文档,

  

NSUserDefaults类提供了访问常用类型(如浮点数,双精度数,整数,布尔值和URL)的便捷方法。默认对象必须是属性列表,即(或集合的实例组合)的实例:NSData,NSString,NSNumber,NSDate,NSArray或NSDictionary。如果要存储任何其他类型的对象,通常应将其存档以创建NSData实例。

您可以像这样保存图片: -

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:UIImagePNGRepresentation([UIImage imageNamed:@"yourimage.gif"])forKey:@"key_for_your_image"];

读起来像这样: -

 NSData* imageData = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]objectForKey:@"key_for_your_image"];
    UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];

答案 7 :(得分:3)

Swift 3 JPG 格式

注册默认图片:

UserDefaults.standard.register(defaults: ["key":UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 100)!])

保存图片:

UserDefaults.standard.set(UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 100), forKey: "key")

加载图片

let imageData = UserDefaults.standard.value(forKey: "key") as! Data
let imageFromData = UIImage(data: imageData)!

答案 8 :(得分:2)

技术上可行,但不建议。而是将图像保存到磁盘。 NSUserDefaults适用于小型设置,而不是大型二进制数据文件。

答案 9 :(得分:1)

是的,你可以使用。但由于它是用于存储首选项,因此您可以更好地将图像保存到文档文件夹。

如果需要,您可以在NSUserDefaults中设置路径。

答案 10 :(得分:1)

将图像保存到NSUserDefault:

NSData *imageData; 
// create NSData-object from image
imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation([dic objectForKey:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",i]]); 
// save NSData-object to UserDefaults
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:imageData forKey:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",i]];

从NSUserDefault加载图片:

NSData *imageData;
// Load NSData-object from NSUserDefault
imageData = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] valueForKey:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",i]];
// get Image from NSData
[image setObject:[UIImage imageWithData:imageData] forKey:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",i]];

答案 11 :(得分:1)

由于这个问题具有很高的谷歌搜索索引 - 这是@ NikitaTook在今天的时代回答,即Swift 3和4(有异常处理)。

注意:此类仅用于读取和写入JPG格式的图像到文件系统。 Userdefaults内容应该在它之外处理。

writeFile接收jpg图像的文件名(带.jpg扩展名)和UIImage本身,如果能够保存则返回true,否则返回false如果无法写入图像,此时您可以将图像存储在Userdefaults中,这将是您的备份计划,或者只是再次重试。 readFile函数接收图像文件名并返回UIImage,如果找到传递给此函数的图像名称,则返回该图像,否则它只返回应用程序中的默认占位符图像&#39 ; s资产文件夹(这样你可以避免讨厌的崩溃或其他奇怪的行为)。

import Foundation
import UIKit

class ReadWriteFileFS{

    func writeFile(_ image: UIImage, _ imgName: String) -> Bool{
        let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1)
        let relativePath = imgName
        let path = self.documentsPathForFileName(name: relativePath)

        do {
            try imageData?.write(to: path, options: .atomic)
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    func readFile(_ name: String) -> UIImage{
        let fullPath = self.documentsPathForFileName(name: name)
        var image = UIImage()

        if FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: fullPath.path){
            image = UIImage(contentsOfFile: fullPath.path)!
        }else{
            image = UIImage(named: "user")!  //a default place holder image from apps asset folder
        }
        return image
    }
}

extension ReadWriteFileFS{
    func documentsPathForFileName(name: String) -> URL {
        let paths = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)
        let path = paths[0]
        let fullPath = path.appendingPathComponent(name)
        return fullPath
    }
}

答案 12 :(得分:0)

Swift 4.x
Xcode 11.x

func saveImageInUserDefault(img:UIImage, key:String) {
    UserDefaults.standard.set(img.pngData(), forKey: key)
}

func getImageFromUserDefault(key:String) -> UIImage? {
    let imageData = UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: key) as? Data
    var image: UIImage? = nil
    if let imageData = imageData {
        image = UIImage(data: imageData)
    }
    return image
}