我有一个名为bbc的国家/地区表(名称,地区,区域,人口,gdp)
我想要一张表格,列出按地区划分的最大(人口最多)国家的地区,名称和人口。到目前为止,我已经尝试过这个:
SELECT region, name, MAX(population)
FROM bbc
GROUP BY region
它给了我一条错误消息:ORA-00979:不是GROUP BY Expression
我尝试更改为GROUP BY地区,名称,但它没有给我正确的表格
答案 0 :(得分:7)
您可以对以下查询使用分析:
SELECT name, region, population
FROM (SELECT region, name, population
, MAX(population) OVER (PARTITION BY region) maxpop
FROM bbc)
WHERE population = maxpop;
内联视图为您提供了一个类似于基表的表格,以及一个包含该区域最大人口的额外列。您的顶级选择为您提供每个地区最大国家/地区的国家,地区和人口。
举例说明:
SELECT * FROM bbc;
REGION NAME POPULATION
--------------- ------- ----------
North America USA 300000000
North America Canada 100000000
North America Mexico 50000000
South America Brazil 50000000
South America Argentina 40000000
South America Venezuela 20000000
添加分析函数:
SELECT region, NAME, population
, MAX(population) OVER (PARTITION BY region) maxpop
FROM bbc;
REGION NAME POPULATION MAXPOP
--------------- ------- ---------- ----------
North America USA 300000000 300000000
North America Canada 100000000 300000000
North America Mexico 50000000 300000000
South America Brazil 50000000 50000000
South America Argentina 40000000 50000000
South America Venezuela 20000000 50000000
然后是成品:
NAME REGION POPULATION
------- --------------- -----------
USA North America 300000000
Brazil South America 50000000
再一次编辑。您可以避免使用嵌套选择,但不能避免子查询:
SELECT NAME, region, population
FROM bbc
WHERE (region, population) IN
(SELECT region, MAX(population)
FROM bbc
group by region);
答案 1 :(得分:3)
这是最简单,最简单的方法,因为Oracle有元组测试,它可以缩短代码:
首先,获取每个地区的最大人口数量:
SELECT region, MAX(population)
FROM bbc
GROUP BY region
然后测试各国反对它:
select region, name, population
from bbc
where (region, population) in
(SELECT region, MAX(population)
FROM bbc
GROUP BY region)
order by region
如果要支持许多RDBMS,请使用EXISTS:
select region, name, population
from bbc o
where exists
(SELECT null -- neutral. doesn't invoke Cargo Cult Programming ;-)
FROM bbc
WHERE region = o.region
GROUP BY region
HAVING o.population = MAX(population) )
order by region
此处测试的查询,两者都有类似的输出:http://sqlzoo.net/0.htm
http://www.ienablemuch.com/2010/05/why-is-exists-select-1-cargo-cult.html
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在绝大多数花瓶中,导致ORA-00979错误是因为GROUP BY子句中未包含非聚合列。在这种情况下,您还需要在GROUP BY子句中包含 name 。此外,您不应该在FROM语句中调用MAX函数。
SELECT region, name, MAX(population)
FROM bbc
GROUP BY region, name