单击弹出窗口的按钮

Question

网址： https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687

单击“添加”按钮会生成一个弹出窗口，您需要在其中输入凭据。我尝试了不同的方法来使用 Selenium/Python 单击按钮来生成弹出窗口，但似乎没有任何效果。

我的代码片段：

from selenium import webdriver
import xpath
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

PATH = "C:\Program Files (x86)\chromedriver.exe"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(PATH)

driver.get('https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687')

add_buttom_try1 = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(
    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "Add"))).click()

add_buttom_try2 = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(
    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "ui-state-active ui-corner-all link-button ajax-request from-full-page focus-child need-focus-pageobject")))

Answer 1

看看这个：strategies to locate elements on a page

以下是找到“添加”按钮的一些方法：

使用 XPATH：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")

# disable the banner "Chrome is being controlled by automated test software"
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])

driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)

driver.get('https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687')

add_button = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//a[contains(@href,'Add')]")
add_button[0].click()

使用 CSS_SELECTOR：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")

# disable the banner "Chrome is being controlled by automated test software"
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])

driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)

driver.get('https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687')

add_button = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('.ui-state-active')
add_button[2].click()

使用 LINK_TEXT：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")

# disable the banner "Chrome is being controlled by automated test software"
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])

driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)

driver.get('https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687')

add_button = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Add')
add_button.click()

有时您的代码可以在“按钮”可点击之前执行。发生这种情况时会抛出错误。在查找可点击的元素时，添加 WebDriverWait 语句是一个很好的做法。

参考：selenium wait statements

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")

# disable the banner "Chrome is being controlled by automated test software"
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])

driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)

driver.get('https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687')

# one method
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 30)
add_button = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.LINK_TEXT, "Add")))
add_button.click()

# another method
# wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 30)
# wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.LINK_TEXT, "Add"))).click()

Answer 2

要单击元素 Add，您可以使用以下任一 Locator Strategies：

• 使用 CSS_SELECTOR：

  driver.get("https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687")
  driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a[title='Add To My Cart'] > span").click()
  

• 使用 XPATH：

  driver.get("https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687")     
  driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//span[text()='Add']").click()
  

---

所需元素是启用 AJAX 的元素，因此理想情况下，要单击需要为 WebDriverWait 引入 element_to_be_clickable() 的元素，您可以使用以下任一 {{ 3}}：

• 使用 CSS_SELECTOR：

  driver.get("https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687")
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a[title='Add To My Cart'] > span"))).click()
  

• 使用 XPATH：

  driver.get("https://efun.toronto.ca/torontofun/Activities/ActivitiesCourseDetails.asp?aid=18830&cid=6455687")
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//span[text()='Add']"))).click()
  

• 注意：您必须添加以下导入：

  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  

• 浏览器快照：

Locator Strategies