Question

我试图抓住http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ggi/database.asp，特别是从选择市/省获得的所有表格。我正在使用python与lxml.html和mechanize。到目前为止，我的刮刀工作正常，但是在提交市政[19]“Peñarrubia，Abra”时我得HTTP Error 500: Internal Server Error。我怀疑这是由于字符编码。我猜是烯字符（上面带有波浪号的n）会导致这个问题。我该如何解决这个问题？

我脚本的这一部分的工作示例如下所示。由于我刚开始使用python（并且经常使用我在SO上找到的片段），所以非常感谢任何进一步的评论。

from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
import mechanize
import lxml.html
import csv



class PrettifyHandler(mechanize.BaseHandler):
    def http_response(self, request, response):
        if not hasattr(response, "seek"):
            response = mechanize.response_seek_wrapper(response)
        # only use BeautifulSoup if response is html
        if response.info().dict.has_key('content-type') and ('html' in response.info().dict['content-type']):
            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.get_data())
            response.set_data(soup.prettify())
        return response

site = "http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ggi/database.asp"

output_mun = csv.writer(open(r'output-municipalities.csv','wb'))
output_prov = csv.writer(open(r'output-provinces.csv','wb'))

br = mechanize.Browser()
br.add_handler(PrettifyHandler())


# gets municipality stats
response = br.open(site)
br.select_form(name="form2")
muns = br.find_control("strMunicipality2", type="select").items
# municipality #19 is not working, those before do
for pos, item in enumerate(muns[19:]): 
    br.select_form(name="form2")
    br["strMunicipality2"] = [item.name]
    print pos, item.name 
    response = br.submit(id="button2", type="submit")
    html = response.read()
    root = lxml.html.fromstring(html)
    table = root.xpath('//table')[1]
    data = [
               [td.text_content().strip() for td in row.findall("td")] 
               for row in table.findall("tr")
           ]
    print data, "\n"
    for row in data[2:]:
        if row: 
            row.append(item.name)
            output_mun.writerow([s.encode('utf8') if type(s) is unicode else s for s in row])
    response = br.open(site) #go back button not working

# provinces follow here

非常感谢！

编辑：具体来说，错误发生在这一行

response = br.submit(id="button2", type="submit")

Answer 1

快速而肮脏的黑客：

def _pairs(self):
    return [(k, v.decode('utf-8').encode('latin-1')) for (i, k, v, c_i) in self._pairs_and_controls()]

from mechanize import HTMLForm
HTMLForm._pairs = _pairs

或更少侵入性的东西（我认为没有其他解决方案，因为类Item保护'name'字段）

item.__dict__['name'] = item.name.decode('utf-8').encode('latin-1')

前

br["strMunicipality2"] = [item.name]

Answer 2

好的，找到了。这是美味的汤，转换为unicode和美化默认返回utf-8。你应该使用：

response.set_data(soup.prettify(encoding='latin-1'))

机械化提交表格字符编码问题

2 个答案: