Question

我有一台 mac（Mac Os 11.1，Python Ver 3.8.2）并且需要在多处理中工作，但程序不起作用。

import multiprocessing


def func(index: int):
    print(index)


manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
processes = []

for i in range(-1, 10):
    p = multiprocessing.Process(target=func,
                                args=(i,))
    processes.append(p)
    p.start()

for process in processes:
    process.join()

但是，在我基于 Intel 的 Mac 上，它运行良好。

我期待的是

但是，我得到了一个错误：

RuntimeError: 
        An attempt has been made to start a new process before the
        current process has finished its bootstrapping phase.

        This probably means that you are not using fork to start your
        child processes and you have forgotten to use the proper idiom
        in the main module:

            if __name__ == '__main__':
                freeze_support()
                ...

        The "freeze_support()" line can be omitted if the program
        is not going to be frozen to produce an executable.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/lance/Documents/Carleton Master Projects/Carleton-Master-Thesis/experiment.py", line 7, in <module>
    manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
  File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/context.py", line 57, in Manager
    m.start()
  File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/managers.py", line 583, in start
    self._address = reader.recv()
  File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 250, in recv
    buf = self._recv_bytes()
  File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 414, in _recv_bytes
    buf = self._recv(4)
  File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 383, in _recv
    raise EOFError
EOFError

在基于 M1 的 Mac 中是否有类似的方法（也保持简单）并行化？

Answer 1

我不确定为什么这在 Intel 机器上有效，但问题是所有与 MP 相关的代码都应该在 if __name__ == '__main__':

import multiprocessing

def func(index: int):
    print(index)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
    processes = []

    for i in range(-1, 10):
    p = multiprocessing.Process(target=func, args=(i,))
    processes.append(p)
    p.start()

    for process in processes:
        process.join()

由于 MP 实际上启动了一个 new 进程，新进程需要从这个模块中导入 func 函数来执行它的任务。如果您不保护启动新进程的代码，它将在此导入期间执行。

使用 M1 Mac 进行 Python 多处理

1 个答案: