Question

我从 User 模型中继承了三个用户，分别是 Admin、Employee 和 Relative。

models.py

config = RawConfigParser()
config.read('config.cfg')

class UserManager( BaseUserManager):
    
    def _create_user(self, PAN_ID, password=None, **extra_fields):
        """
        Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        if not PAN_ID:
            raise ValueError('Users must have a PAN_ID')
        extra_fields['email'] = self.normalize_email(extra_fields["email"])
        user = self.model(PAN_ID=PAN_ID, **extra_fields)

        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user
    
    def create_user(self, PAN_ID, password=None, **extra_fields):

        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', False)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
        return self._create_user(PAN_ID, password, **extra_fields)
    
    def create_superuser(self, PAN_ID, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)

        if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_staff=True.')
        if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.')

        return self._create_user(PAN_ID, password, **extra_fields)


class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
        
    PAN_ID = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(_('password'), max_length=128, null=False, blank=True)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, unique=True, blank=True)
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    name = models.CharField( max_length=60, blank=True)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=70, null=True, blank=True)
    holding = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
    
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(
        _('staff status'),
        default=True,
        help_text=_(
            'Designates whether the user can log into this admin site.'),
    )
    is_active = models.BooleanField(
        _('active'),
        default=True,
        help_text=_(
            'Designates whether this user should be treated as active. '
            'Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.'
        ),
    )
    
    objects = UserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = "PAN_ID"
    EMAIL_FIELD = "email"
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['email', 'name', 'holding']
    

    
class Admin(User):
    pass    
    
    
class Employee(User):
    designation = models.CharField(max_length=89, null=True)
    
    
class Relative(User):
    reference = models.OneToOneField(to=User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="creator")

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from base.models import Admin, Employee, Relative, User
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from mass import settings
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from abc import ABC
from django.utils import timezone
from django.dispatch.dispatcher import receiver
from  django.db.models.signals import post_save

@receiver(post_save, sender=Employee)
@receiver(post_save, sender=Relative)
def mail(sender,instance, *args, **kwargs ):
   subject = "Hi"
   message  = f"Your password is {instance.password} " 
   from_email = None
   recipient_list = [instance.email]
   send_mail(subject, message, from_email, recipient_list, fail_silently=False, auth_user=None, auth_password=None, connection=None, html_message=None) 

class RandomPasswordAndEmailMixin:
    def save(self, commit=True):
        if not self.instance.pk:
            instance = super().save(commit=False)
            instance.set_password(User.objects.make_random_password())
            return instance.save()
        else:
            self.cleaned_data.pop("password")
            return super.save(commit)
                
class UserModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    

    class Meta:
        exclude = ('is_staff', 'is_active', 'password')
        
        
class EmployeeModelForm(RandomPasswordAndEmailMixin, UserModelForm):
    class Meta(UserModelForm.Meta):
        model = Employee
          
@admin.register(Employee)        
class EmployeeModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin, RandomPasswordAndEmailMixin):
    form = EmployeeModelForm

管理员将成为超级用户。管理员将转到管理站点并对员工和亲属执行 CRUD。在表单中，我只希望管理员输入员工/亲属的用户名 (PAN_ID)、密码和电子邮件。单击“保存”后，应发送邮件的相应信号并发送电子邮件，以便在邮件功能中可以访问密码。密码应由 make_password 自动生成。我收到以下错误。

<块引用>

内部服务器错误：/admin/base/employee/add/ Traceback（大多数最近通话最后一次）：文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", 第 47 行，在内部 response = get_response(request) File "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", 第 179 行，在 _get_response 中响应 =wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", 第 614 行，在包装器中返回 self.admin_site.admin_view(view)(*args, **kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", 第 130 行，在 _wrapped_view 中 response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs) File "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\cache.py", 第 44 行，在 _wrapped_view_func 中 response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\sites.py", 第 233 行，在内部 return view(request, *args, **kwargs) File "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", 第 1653 行，在 add_view 中返回 self.changeform_view(request, None, form_url, extra_context) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", 第 43 行，在 _wrapper 中返回 bound_method(*args, **kwargs) 文件“C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py”，第 130 行，在 _wrapped_view 中 response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", 第 1534 行，在 changeform_view 中返回 self._changeform_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", 第 1580 行，在 _changeform_view 中 self.save_model(request, new_object, form, not add) 文件 "C:\Users\Dell\OneDrive\Desktop\djangodev\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py", 第 1093 行，在 save_model 中 obj.save() AttributeError: 'NoneType' 对象没有属性 'save' [22/Jan/2021 15:13:17]“POST /admin/base/employee/add/ HTTP/1.1" 500 112227

Answer 1

尝试将 else 子句修正为 super().save(commit)。

Answer 2

通过覆盖 ModelAdmin 子类的 save_model 方法解决。文档：Django ModelAdmin save_model。为了使其可重用，我只是将其作为 mixin。

class RandomPasswordAndEmailMixin:
    def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
        if not form.instance.pk:
            user = form.save(commit=False) 
            user.set_password(User.objects.make_random_password(20))
            user.save() 
            form.save_m2m()

        super().save_model(request, obj, form, change)

@admin.register(Employee)        
class EmployeeModelAdmin(RandomPasswordAndEmailMixin,admin.ModelAdmin):
    exclude = ('is_staff', 'password')

管理员在管理站点创建员工时随机生成密码

2 个答案: