我有一个名为 useFetchMyApi
的自定义挂钩,用于包装对 API 端点的提取调用。函数钩子接受一个参数,它包含在帖子正文中。数据数组输出依赖于钩子参数。
在 UI 上,App 组件调用 useFetchMyApi
一次。按钮点击处理程序将调用后续 useFetchMyApi
以更新 UI 上的列表。
我的问题:
useFetchMyApi
,因为它违反了钩子规则。useFetchMyApi
的响应刷新项目列表?import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef } from "react";
import "./styles.css";
const useFetchMyApi = (location = "") => {
const [items, setItems] = useState([]);
useEffect(() => {
// let's stimulate the API call with a 2 seconds response time
setTimeout(() => setItems([location, Math.random()]), 5000);
}, [location]);
return { items };
};
export default function App() {
const locationSelect = useRef(null);
const { items } = useFetchMyApi("mylocation1");
const onButtonClicked = (event) => {
const selectedLocation = locationSelect.current.value;
// Call api and refresh items by location
// Fix here??
//useFetchMyApi(selectedLocation);
};
return (
<div className="App">
<select ref={locationSelect}>
<option value="location1">Location 1</option>
<option value="location2">Location 2</option>
</select>
<button onClick={onButtonClicked}>Refresh</button>
<ul>
{items.map((item) => (
<li>{item}</li>
))}
</ul>
</div>
);
}
https://codesandbox.io/s/stupefied-water-1o6mz?file=/src/App.js:0-1055
答案 0 :(得分:4)
useFetchMyApi
,因为它违反了钩子规则。正确,react hooks 只能从功能组件和其他 react hooks 的主体中调用。它们不能有条件地调用,例如在异步回调或循环中。
<块引用>useFetchMyApi
的响应刷新项目列表?您在 App
中没有任何内容可以触发重新渲染以触发效果以触发效果的回调。
您应该在自定义 useEffect
钩子中利用 useFetchMyApi
钩子的依赖来刷新项目列表。添加一些本地组件状态来表示“当前”选定的位置。使用按钮的 onClick
回调来更新状态并触发重新渲染,然后重新运行您的自定义挂钩。
const useFetchMyApi = (location = "") => {
const [items, setItems] = useState([]);
useEffect(() => {
// let's stimulate the API call with a 2 seconds response time
setTimeout(() => setItems([location, Math.random()]), 2000);
}, [location]); // <-- effect callback triggers when location updates
return { items };
};
function App() {
const locationSelect = useRef(null);
const [location, setLocation] = useState("mylocation1"); // <-- add state
const { items } = useFetchMyApi(location); // <-- pass location value to hook
const onButtonClicked = () => {
const selectedLocation = locationSelect.current.value;
setLocation(selectedLocation); // <-- update state, trigger rerender
};
return (
<div className="App">
<select ref={locationSelect}>
<option value="location1">Location 1</option>
<option value="location2">Location 2</option>
</select>
<button onClick={onButtonClicked}>Refresh</button>
<ul>
{items.map((item) => (
<li>{item}</li>
))}
</ul>
</div>
);
}
另一种解决方案是重写您的自定义 useFetchMyApi
钩子,以返回一个回调,以便在点击处理程序中按需调用以执行获取和更新列表。这是一个简单的转换。 注意现在返回的 fetch 函数使用的是位置,而不是钩子调用。
const useFetchMyApi = () => {
const [items, setItems] = useState([]);
// custom fetch function consumes location
const locationFetch = (location = "") => {
// let's stimulate the API call with a 2 seconds response time
setTimeout(() => setItems([location, Math.random()]), 2000);
};
return [items, locationFetch]; // <-- return state and fetch function
};
export default function App() {
const locationSelect = useRef(null);
const [items, locationFetch] = useFetchMyApi(); // <-- destructure state and fetch function
useEffect(() => {
locationFetch("mylocation1");
}, []); // <-- initial mounting fetch call
const onButtonClicked = () => {
const selectedLocation = locationSelect.current.value;
locationFetch(selectedLocation); // <-- invoke fetch function
};
return (
<div className="App">
<select ref={locationSelect}>
<option value="location1">Location 1</option>
<option value="location2">Location 2</option>
</select>
<button onClick={onButtonClicked}>Refresh</button>
<ul>
{items.map((item) => (
<li>{item}</li>
))}
</ul>
</div>
);
}