我正在尝试使用FaultException和FaultException< T>确定我们的应用程序中的最佳使用模式。我们需要支持WCF以及非WCF服务使用者/客户端,包括SOAP 1.1和SOAP 1.2客户端。
仅供参考:使用带有wsHttpBinding的FaultExceptions会导致SOAP 1.2语义,而使用带有basicHttpBinding的FaultExceptions会导致SOAP 1.1语义。
我使用以下代码抛出FaultException< FaultDetails>:
throw new FaultException<FaultDetails>(
new FaultDetails("Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>."),
new FaultReason("Testing fault exceptions."),
FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode(new FaultCode("MySubFaultCode"))
);
FaultDetails类只是一个简单的测试类,它包含一个字符串“Message”属性,如下所示。
使用wsHttpBinding时,响应为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<Fault xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
<Code>
<Value>Sender</Value>
<Subcode>
<Value>MySubFaultCode</Value>
</Subcode>
</Code>
<Reason>
<Text xml:lang="en-US">Testing fault exceptions.</Text>
</Reason>
<Detail>
<FaultDetails xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/ClassLibrary" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<Message>Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>.</Message>
</FaultDetails>
</Detail>
根据SOAP 1.2规范,这看起来是正确的。主/根“代码”是“发件人”,其“子代码”为“MySubFaultCode”。如果服务使用者/客户端正在使用WCF,则客户端上的FaultException也会模仿相同的结构,其中faultException.Code.Name为“Sender”,faultException.Code.SubCode.Name为“MySubFaultCode”。
使用basicHttpBinding时,响应为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<s:Fault xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<faultcode>s:MySubFaultCode</faultcode>
<faultstring xml:lang="en-US">Testing fault exceptions.</faultstring>
<detail>
<FaultDetails xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/ClassLibrary" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<Message>Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>.</Message>
</FaultDetails>
</detail>
</s:Fault>
这看起来不对。看一下SOAP 1.1规范,当我使用FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode(new FaultCode(“MySubFaultCode”))时,我希望看到“faultcode”的值为“s:Client.MySubFaultCode”。此外,WCF客户端的结构也不正确。 faultException.Code.Name是“MySubFaultCode”而不是“Sender”,而faultException.Code.SubCode是null而不是faultException.Code.SubCode.Name是“MySubFaultCode”。此外,faultException.Code.IsSenderFault为false。
使用FaultCode.CreateReceiverFaultCode时的类似问题(新的FaultCode(“MySubFaultCode”)):
这个项目也是由其他人在http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=669420&SiteID=1于2006年发布的,没有人回答。我发现很难相信没有人遇到过这个问题。
以下是其他有类似问题的人:http://forums.microsoft.com/msdn/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=3883110&SiteID=1&mode=1
Microsoft Connect错误:https://connect.microsoft.com/wcf/feedback/ViewFeedback.aspx?FeedbackID=367963
故障应如何运作的说明:http://blogs.msdn.com/drnick/archive/2006/12/19/creating-faults-part-3.aspx
我做错了什么,或者这确实是WCF中的错误?
答案 0 :(得分:8)
这是我目前的解决方法:
/// <summary>
/// Replacement for the static methods on FaultCode to generate Sender and Receiver fault codes due
/// to what seems like bugs in the implementation for basicHttpBinding (SOAP 1.1). wsHttpBinding
/// (SOAP 1.2) seems to work just fine.
///
/// The subCode parameter for FaultCode.CreateReceiverFaultCode and FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode
/// seem to take over the main 'faultcode' value in the SOAP 1.1 response, whereas in SOAP 1.2 the
/// subCode is correctly put under the 'Code->SubCode->Value' value in the XML response.
///
/// This workaround is to create the FaultCode with Sender/Receiver (SOAP 1.2 terms, but gets
/// translated by WCF depending on the binding) and an agnostic namespace found by using reflector
/// on the FaultCode class. When that NS is passed in WCF seems to be able to generate the proper
/// response with SOAP 1.1 (Client/Server) and SOAP 1.2 (Sender/Receiver) fault codes automatically.
///
/// This means that it is not possible to create a FaultCode that works in both bindings with
/// subcodes.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/65008/net-wcf-faults-generating-incorrect-soap-11-faultcode-values
/// for more details.
/// </remarks>
public static class FaultCodeFactory
{
private const string _ns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/envelope/none";
/// <summary>
/// Creates a sender fault code.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A FaultCode object.</returns>
/// <remarks>Does not support subcodes due to a WCF bug.</remarks>
public static FaultCode CreateSenderFaultCode()
{
return new FaultCode("Sender", _ns);
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates a receiver fault code.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A FaultCode object.</returns>
/// <remarks>Does not support subcodes due to a WCF bug.</remarks>
public static FaultCode CreateReceiverFaultCode()
{
return new FaultCode("Receiver", _ns);
}
}
遗憾的是,我没有看到在不破坏SOAP 1.1或1.2客户端的情况下使用子码的方法。
如果使用Code.SubCode语法,则可以创建SOAP 1.1兼容的faultcode值,但它会破坏SOAP 1.2。
如果在.NET中使用正确的子代码支持(通过静态FaultCode方法或其中一个重载),它会破坏SOAP 1.1但在SOAP 1.2中有效。
答案 1 :(得分:7)
微软的回应:
正如http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms789039.aspx中所讨论的,Soap 1.1规范中针对自定义故障代码概述了两种方法:
(1)在描述时使用“点”符号
(2)定义全新的故障代码
不幸的是,应避免使用“点”表示法,因为在WS-I Basic Profile规范中不鼓励使用它。从本质上讲,这意味着在使用Soap 1.1时,没有真正等效的Soap 1.2故障SubCode。
因此,在生成错误时,您必须认识到绑定中定义的MessageVersion,并相应地生成错误代码。
由于“发送方”和“接收方”不是Soap 1.1的故障代码,并且没有真正等效的故障子代码,因此在为Soap 1.1生成自定义故障代码时,不应使用CreateSenderFaultCode和CreateReceiverFaultCode方法。
相反,您需要使用自己的命名空间和名称来定义自己的错误代码:
FaultCode customFaultCode = new FaultCode(localName,faultNamespace);