在堆叠的DataFrame.plot栏中显示总计和百分比

Question

我有一个很小的DataFrame（它只有两列：“性别”，其值为“男”和“女”，以及“ MaritalSatus”，其值为“单”，“已婚”和“离婚”）。数据分发总结如下：

    Gender  MaritalStatus   Tot.
    Male    Single          225
    Male    Married         296
    Male    Divorced        143
    Female  Single          137
    Female  Married         222
    Female  Divorced        94

使用以下代码，我可以绘制堆叠的条形图：

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

pclass_xt = pd.crosstab(df["Gender"], df["MaritalStatus"]) 
pclass_xt.plot(kind='bar', stacked=True)
plt.xlabel("Gender")
plt.ylabel("count")
plt.xticks(rotation=0)
plt.show()

这是我的输出：

我想将每个条形图的总计与每个条形图中每个细分的百分比相加。感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

可以通过使用matplotlib bar函数然后添加文本来获得图形。绘图的代码如下（我假设数据存储在data.csv文件中）：

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
display(df)

pclass_xt_group = df.groupby(by=["Gender", "MaritalStatus"]).count()
pclass_xt_group = pclass_xt_group.T
display(pclass_xt_group)

#Get values from the group and categories
groups = ['Female', 'Male']
female = pclass_xt_group['Female'].to_numpy()[0]
male = pclass_xt_group['Male'].to_numpy()[0]

divorced = [pclass_xt_group['Female']['Divorced'][0], pclass_xt_group['Male']['Divorced'][0]]
married = [pclass_xt_group['Female']['Married'][0], pclass_xt_group['Male']['Married'][0]]
single = [pclass_xt_group['Female']['Single'][0], pclass_xt_group['Male']['Single'][0]]

#add colors
colors = ['#FF9999', '#00BFFF','#C1FFC1']

# The position of the bars on the x-axis
r = range(len(groups))
barWidth = 1

#plot bars
plt.figure(figsize=(10,7))
ax1 = plt.bar(r, divorced, color=colors[0], edgecolor='white', width=barWidth, label="divorced")
ax2 = plt.bar(r, married, bottom=np.array(divorced), color=colors[1], edgecolor='white', width=barWidth, label='married')
ax3 = plt.bar(r, single, bottom=np.array(divorced)+np.array(married), color=colors[2], edgecolor='white', width=barWidth, label='single')
plt.legend()

# Custom X axis
plt.xticks(r, groups, fontweight='bold')
plt.ylabel("Count")

for r1, r2, r3 in zip(ax1, ax2, ax3):
    h1 = r1.get_height()
    h2 = r2.get_height()
    h3 = r3.get_height()
    plt.text(r1.get_x() + r1.get_width() / 2., h1 / 2., "%.2f" % (h1/(h1+h2+h3)), ha="center", va="center", color="white", fontsize=16, fontweight="bold")
    plt.text(r2.get_x() + r2.get_width() / 2., h1 + h2 / 2., "%.2f" % (h2/(h1+h2+h3)), ha="center", va="center", color="white", fontsize=16, fontweight="bold")
    plt.text(r3.get_x() + r3.get_width() / 2., h1 + h2 + h3 / 2., "%.2f" % (h3/(h1+h2+h3)), ha="center", va="center", color="white", fontsize=16, fontweight="bold")
plt.show()

获得的图如下：

代码的本质灵感来自https://medium.com/@priteshbgohil/stacked-bar-chart-in-python-ddc0781f7d5f