初始化后重新初始化C ++静态成员

时间:2020-10-30 16:21:42

标签: c++ templates static c++17

我正在尝试实现“ HasUtility”模板类的设计,以允许创建模板化的静态成员(实用程序)并维护所有实用程序的列表(基类)

代码如下:

StaticUtilityBase.h:

#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

class StaticUtilityBase {
public:
    static std::vector<StaticUtilityBase*> all;
    StaticUtilityBase() {
        all.push_back(this);
        printAllState();
    }
    static void printAllState() {
        std::cout << "All size is " << all.size() << ", address is " << &all << std::endl;
    }
};

template <typename T> class StaticUtility : public StaticUtilityBase {};

template <typename T> class HasUtility  {
public:
    static StaticUtility<T> utility;
};

template <typename T> StaticUtility<T> HasUtility<T>::utility;

TemplateUtility.cpp:

#include "StaticUtilityBase.h"
std::vector<StaticUtilityBase*> StaticUtilityBase::all;

和主要内容:

#include <iostream>
#include "StaticUtilityBase.h"
class A {};
class B {};
int main() {
    std::cout << "Initializations done" << std::endl;
    StaticUtilityBase::printAllState();
    HasUtility<A>::utility; //Tell to the compiler that the static member is used so the constructor
    HasUtility<B>::utility; // of utility is used before main execution, during initializations
}

执行时,我得到以下结果:

All size is 1, address is 0x562942baa1f0
All size is 2, address is 0x562942baa1f0
Initializations done
All size is 0, address is 0x562942baa1f0

所有大小最后仍应为2。 看起来在“实用程序”成员初始化之后,“所有”已重新初始化! 地址是相同的,所以我认为它是同一对象。也许是从一个空的副本中复制过来的??欢迎任何帮助!

我使用gcc和C ++ 17

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您正在从其他静态对象(在这种情况下为StaticUtilityBase::all)的构造函数中访问静态对象(在这种情况下为template <typename T> StaticUtility<T> HasUtility<T>::utility;)。

由于跨翻译单元的不同静态对象的初始化之间没有排序保证,因此您尝试执行的操作将无法正常工作。

有关更多信息,请参见https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/siof

一种简单的验证方法是在StaticUtilityBase中添加第二个静态对象,该对象在构造时会打印出来: static int printer = []()->int{std::cout << "Initing StaticUtilityBase\n"; return 0;}()

答案 1 :(得分:-1)

是因为您忘记初始化向量all还是在某个时候覆盖了它?