我目前正在创建一个名为“医院管理系统”的应用程序，病人可以在这里任命医生（通过我尚未实施的系统）。当前，我遇到有关“ RelatedObjectDoesNotExist”的错误。这是完整的错误：
Environment:
Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/hms_app/doctor_register/
Django Version: 3.1.2
Python Version: 3.8.5
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'hms_app']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\acer\anaconda3\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "C:\Users\acer\anaconda3\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 179, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\acer\Desktop\My_Django_Stuff\hospital_management_system\hms_app\views.py", line 60, in doctor_register
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_first_name = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('doctor_first_name')
File "C:\Users\acer\anaconda3\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\related_descriptors.py", line 421, in __get__
raise self.RelatedObjectDoesNotExist(
Exception Type: RelatedObjectDoesNotExist at /hms_app/doctor_register/
Exception Value: User has no doctor_profile.
每次我尝试注册医生时都会出现此错误，但是当我尝试注册患者时不会发生这种错误
我怀疑这个错误与我的模型以及每个模型之间的关系有关。现在，我正在尝试使用Django的用户模型实现多个角色-具体来说，角色是医生和病人。到目前为止，这是我编写的代码：
models.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
# Create your models here.
class User(AbstractUser):
is_patient = models.BooleanField(default=True)
SEX = [
('M', 'Male'),
('F', 'Female'),
]
class PatientProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, related_name='patient_profile')
patient_first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False)
patient_last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False)
patient_email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, blank=False)
patient_profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='patient_profile_pics', blank=True)
patient_sex = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, choices=SEX)
def __str__(self):
return self.patient_last_name
DEPARTMENT_CHOICES = [
('allied_medical_specialties', 'DEPARTMENT OF ALLIED MEDICAL SPECIALTIES'),
('cardiology', 'DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY'),
('cardiovascular_surgery_anesthesia', 'DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY and ANESTHESIA'),
('education_training_research', 'DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, TRAINING and RESEARCH'),
('pediatric_cardiology', 'DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY'),
('ambulatory_emergency_care', 'DEPARTMENT OF AMBULATORY and EMERGENCY CARE'),
]
SPECIALTY_CHOICES = [
('allergy_immunology', 'Allergy and Immunology'),
('anesthesiology', 'Anesthesiology'),
('cardiology_adult', 'Cardiology Adult'),
('cardiology_pediatric', 'Cardiology Pediatric'),
('dental_medicine', 'Dental Medicine'),
('dermatology', 'Dermatology'),
('diabetology', 'Diabetology'),
('endocrinology', 'Endocrinology'),
('gastroenterology', 'Gastroenterology'),
('hematology', 'Hematology'),
('infectious_diseases', 'Infectious Diseases'),
('legal_medicine', 'Legal Medicine'),
('nephrology', 'Nephrology'),
('neurology', 'Neurology'),
('neuroradiology', 'Neuroradiology'),
('nuclear_medicine', 'Nuclear Medicine'),
('obstetrics_gynecology', 'Obstetrics and Gynecology'),
('oncology_medical', 'Oncology Medical'),
('opthalmology', 'Opthalmology'),
('pathology', 'Pathology'),
('pediatric', 'Pediatric'),
('pediatrics_adolescent_medicine', 'Pediatricts and Adolescent Medicine'),
('psychiatric_neurology', 'Psychiatric Neurology'),
('psychiatry', 'Psychiatry'),
('radiology', 'Radiology'),
('rehabilitation_medicine', 'Rehabilitation Medicine'),
('rheumatology', 'Rheumatology'),
('sleep_medicine', 'Sleep Medicine'),
('surgery', 'Surgery'),
('surgical_intensive_care', 'Surgical Intensive Care'),
('training', 'Training'),
]
class DoctorProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, related_name='doctor_profile')
doctor_first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, default="")
doctor_last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, default="")
doctor_email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, blank=False, default="")
doctor_profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='doctor_profile_pics', blank=True)
doctor_sex = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, choices=SEX)
department = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, choices=DEPARTMENT_CHOICES)
specialty = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, choices=SPECIALTY_CHOICES)
def __str__(self):
return self.doctor_last_name
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
print('****', created)
if instance.is_patient:
PatientProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=instance)
else:
DoctorProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
print('_-----')
if instance.is_patient:
instance.patient_profile.save()
else:
DoctorProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=instance)
forms.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from hms_app.models import User, PatientProfile, DoctorProfile
class UserForm(forms.ModelForm):
password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput())
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('username', 'password')
class PatientProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = PatientProfile
fields = ('patient_first_name', 'patient_last_name', 'patient_email', 'patient_sex', 'patient_profile_pic')
class DoctorProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = DoctorProfile
fields = ('doctor_first_name', 'doctor_last_name', 'doctor_email', 'doctor_sex', 'department', 'specialty', 'doctor_profile_pic')
views.py
from django.http import request
from django.shortcuts import render
from hms_app.forms import UserForm, PatientProfileForm, DoctorProfileForm
from hms_app.models import User, PatientProfile, DoctorProfile
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout as django_logout
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.urls import reverse
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
return render(request, 'hms_app/index.html')
@login_required
def logout(request):
django_logout(request)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
def patient_register(request):
registered = False
if request.method == "POST":
user_form = UserForm(data=request.POST)
patient_profile_form = PatientProfileForm(data=request.POST)
if user_form.is_valid() and patient_profile_form.is_valid():
patient = user_form.save()
patient.set_password(patient.password)
patient.save()
patient.patient_profile.patient_first_name = patient_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('patient_first_name')
patient.patient_profile.patient_last_name = patient_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('patient_last_name')
patient.patient_profile.patient_email = patient_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('patient_email')
patient.patient_profile.patient_sex = patient_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('patient_sex')
if 'patient_profile_pic' in request.FILES:
patient.patient_profile.patient_profile_pic = request.FILES['patient_profile_pic']
patient.patient_profile.save()
registered = True
else:
print(user_form.errors, patient_profile_form.errors)
else:
user_form = UserForm()
patient_profile_form = PatientProfileForm()
return render(request, 'hms_app/patient_registration.html', {'user_form':user_form, 'patient_profile_form':patient_profile_form, 'registered':registered})
def doctor_register(request):
registered = False
if request.method == "POST":
user_form = UserForm(data=request.POST)
doctor_profile_form = DoctorProfileForm(data=request.POST)
if user_form.is_valid() and doctor_profile_form.is_valid():
doctor = user_form.save()
doctor.set_password(doctor.password)
doctor.save()
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_first_name = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('doctor_first_name')
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_last_name = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('doctor_last_name')
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_email = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('doctor_email')
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_sex = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('doctor_sex')
doctor.doctor_profile.department = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('department')
doctor.doctor_profile.specialty = doctor_profile_form.cleaned_data.get('specialty')
if 'doctor_profile_pic' in request.FILES:
doctor.doctor_profile.doctor_profile_pic = request.FILES['doctor_profile_pic']
doctor.doctor_profile.save()
registered = True
else:
print(user_form.errors, doctor_profile_form.errors)
else:
user_form = UserForm()
doctor_profile_form = DoctorProfileForm()
return render(request, 'hms_app/doctor_registration.html', {'user_form':user_form, 'doctor_profile_form':doctor_profile_form, 'registered':registered})
def patient_login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
patient_username = request.POST.get('patient_username')
patient_password = request.POST.get('patient_password')
patient = authenticate(username=patient_username, password=patient_password)
if patient:
if patient.is_active:
login(request, patient)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
else:
return HttpResponse('Your account is not active.')
else:
print("Someone tried to login and failed.")
print("Patient Username: {} and Patient Password {}".format(patient_username, patient_password))
return HttpResponse("Invalid login details. Please try again.")
else:
return render(request, 'hms_app/patient_login.html', {})
def doctor_login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
doctor_username = request.POST.get('doctor_username')
doctor_password = request.POST.get('doctor_password')
doctor = authenticate(username=doctor_username, password=doctor_password)
if doctor:
if doctor.is_active:
login(request, doctor)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
else:
return HttpResponse('Your account is not active.')
else:
print("Someone tried to login and failed.")
print("Doctor Username: {} and Doctor Password {}".format(doctor_username, doctor_password))
return HttpResponse("Invalid login details. Please try again.")
else:
return render(request, 'hms_app/doctor_login.html', {})
这是 settings.py ，以防万一
"""
Django settings for hospital_management_system project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.1.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
TEMPLATE_DIR = (Path(BASE_DIR, 'templates'))
STATIC_DIR = (Path(BASE_DIR, 'static'))
MEDIA_DIR = (Path(BASE_DIR, 'media'))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'hms_app',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'hospital_management_system.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [TEMPLATE_DIR,],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'hospital_management_system.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'OPTIONS': {
'sql_mode': 'traditional',
'init_command': "SET sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES'",
},
'NAME': 'hms_sample',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'PORT': '3306',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
PASSWORD_HASHERS = [
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.Argon2PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher',
]
AUTH_USER_MODEL = "hms_app.User"
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
'OPTIONS': {'min_length':8}
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [STATIC_DIR,]
MEDIA_ROOT = MEDIA_DIR
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
LOGIN_URL = 'hms_app/patient_login'
我一直到处都在寻找解决方案，但是我似乎找不到一个。预先感谢！