Question

使用最新版本的Scrapy和python 3.8，我希望我的搜寻器从网站上抓取一些书籍的图像。但是运行完蜘蛛程序（称为促销）后，我得到了此日志，该日志显示有刮擦的项目，但是我既看不到应创建图像的新文件夹，也无法打开输出。顺便说一下，我的蜘蛛以前工作得非常好，所以我只需写下最近添加到它的所有代码。这是我得到的日志：

$connectionToken = "{PAT}"
$BaseUrl = "https://dev.azure.com/{Org}/_apis/projects?api-version=6.1-preview.4"

$base64AuthInfo= [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(":$($connectionToken)"))

$ProjectInfo = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $BaseUrl -Headers @{authorization = "Basic $base64AuthInfo"} -Method Get

$ProjectDetails = $ProjectInfo | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 100

$Projectname = $ProjectInfo.value.name 

ForEach ($project in $Projectname){

$TestPlanApi = "https://dev.azure.com/{Org}/$project/_apis/test/plans?api-version=5.0"

$TestplanInfo = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $TestPlanApi -Headers @{authorization = "Basic $base64AuthInfo"} -Method Get 
if (-NOT ($TestplanInfo.count -eq 0)){       
   
   #Save the test plan info to json file
   $info = $TestplanInfo | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 100 | out-file E:\test\$project.json
   #convert the json file to csv file 
   Get-Content -Path E:\test\$project.json  | ConvertFrom-Json | Select-Object -expand value | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation | Set-Content E:\test\$project.csv
   #delete json file
   Remove-Item E:\test\$project.json
 }
 }

此日志如上所述逐页显示，然后这样结束：

2020-10-15 09:31:47 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.6.0 started (bot: digikala)
2020-10-15 09:31:47 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.5.2.0, libxml2 2.9.10, cssselect 1.1.0, parsel 1.5.2, w3lib 1.21.0, Twisted 20.3.0, Python 3.8.5 (default, Aug  5 2020, 09:44:06) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 19.1.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1g  21 Apr 2020), cryptography 2.9.2, Platform Windows-10-10.0.19041-SP0
2020-10-15 09:31:47 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY': 120, 'AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY': 60, 'BOT_NAME': 'digikala', 'DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT': 1200, 'FEED_FORMAT': 'xml', 'FEED_URI': '99-07-24.xml', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'digikala.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['digikala.spiders']}
2020-10-15 09:31:47 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: 2303b1f7abb0822e
2020-10-15 09:31:47 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.feedexport.FeedExporter',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'digikala.middlewares.UserAgentRotatorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
['digikala.pipelines.DigikalaPipeline']
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2020-10-15 09:31:48 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2020-10-15 09:31:49 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&pageno=1&last_filter=type&last_value=4844&sortby=4> (referer: None)
2020-10-15 09:31:50 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type%5B0%5D=4844&last_filter=type&last_value=4844&sortby=4&pageno=2> (referer: https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&pageno=1&last_filter=type&last_value=4844&sortby=4)

我无法理解此日志中发生的事情，因此我逐步解释了所做的事情。这是我的items.py文件：

2020-10-15 09:35:49 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2020-10-15 09:35:49 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 180826,
 'downloader/request_count': 277,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 277,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 24372358,
 'downloader/response_count': 277,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 277,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 15, 6, 5, 49, 412323),
 'log_count/DEBUG': 277,
 'log_count/INFO': 13,
 'request_depth_max': 276,
 'response_received_count': 277,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 277,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 277,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 277,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 277,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 15, 6, 1, 48, 237054)}
2020-10-15 09:35:49 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

这是settings.py文件：

import scrapy

from scrapy.loader.processors import TakeFirst


class DigikalaItem(scrapy.Item):
    image_urls=scrapy.Field()
    images=scrapy.Field()
    book_name=scrapy.Field(
        output_processor=TakeFirst()
    )
This pipelines.py file:

from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
from scrapy import Request

class DigikalaPipeline(ImagesPipeline):
    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        return [Request(x, meta={'bookname':item.get('book_name')}) for x in item.get(self.images_urls_field, [])]
    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        filename= request.meta['bookname'].replace(':', '')
        return 'full/%s.jpg' % (filename)

这是我添加到蜘蛛（promotions.py文件）中的代码：

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'digikala.pipelines.DigikalaPipeline': 1,
}
IMAGES_STORE='C:/Users/shima/projects/digikala'
DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT=1200

谁能告诉我问题出在哪里？非常感谢！

Answer 1

您使用的xpath似乎并没有带给您产品。如果您更改xpath以便将产品推到下面，那么它似乎可以正常工作：

for product in response.xpath("//ul[has-class('c-listing__items')]/li"):

原因是该类是'c-listing__items js-plp-products-list'，而不仅仅是'c-listing__items'。

Answer 2

主要问题是您无法从起始页选择产品

for product in response.xpath("//ul[@class='c-listing__items']/li"):

您尝试选择的

ul具有不同的类属性

<ul class="c-listing__items js-plp-products-list">

所以我认为是

for product in response.xpath("//ul[contains(@class, 'c-listing__items')]/li"):

应该为您工作

无法使用Scrapy抓取图像

2 个答案: