Question

我想提取docker postgres映像并在其中创建数据库mydb。我可以这样一步一步地完成

docker run -d -p 5432:5432 --name containername -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password -d postgres:12.1
docker exec -it containername /bin/bash
psql -h localhost -U postgres
CREATE database mydb;

我想在自述文件中添加这些步骤。运行容器本身时，是否可以用单个命令完成所有操作？尝试过类似下面的操作，但无法成功

docker run -d -p 5432:5432 --name terminals -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password -d postgres:12.1 psql -h localhost -U postgres; create database terminals

Answer 1

您可以将初始化脚本装入容器：

docker run -d -v /local-path/your-init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/your-init.sql -p 5432:5432 --name containername -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password postgres:12.1

your-init.sql：

CREATE database mydb;

Answer 2

Postgres官方docker映像（例如您当前正在使用的postgres：12.1）带有docker-entrypoint.sh脚本，该脚本能够基于env变量（documentation来初始化数据库，@ Zeitounator也提到过）。因此，为了启动postgres并在启动时启动数据库，您需要在运行映像时添加一个额外的env变量（POSTGRES_DB = mydb）：

const { Op } = Sequelize;
const { organizations } = req.body;
try {
  // get all Organization matches for the IDs
  const organizationsArray = await Organization.findAll({
    attributes: ['id'], // we only need the ID
    where: {
      id: {
        [Op.in]: organizations, // WHERE id IN (organizations) 
      }
    },
    raw: true, // no need to create Instances
  });

  // create an array of the IDs we found
  const foundIds = organizationsArray.map((org) => org.id);

  // check to see if any of the IDs are missing from the results
  if (foundIds.length !== organizations.length) {
    // Use Array.reduce() to figure out which IDs are missing from the results
    const missingIds = organizations.reduce((missingIds, orgId) => {
      if (!foundIds.includes(orgId)){
        missingIds.push(orgId);
      }
      return missingIds;
    }, []); // initialized to empty array

    throw new Error(`Unable to find Organization for: ${missingIds.join(', ')}`);
  }

  // now create an array of courses to create using the foundIds
  const courses = foundIds.map((orgId) => {
    return {
      course_id: id,
      organization_id: orgId,
    }; 
  });

  // if we get here there were no errors, create the records
  await CoursesOrganizations.bulkCreate(courses);

  // return a success to the client
  return res.json({ success: true });
} catch (err) {
  // there was an error, return it to the client
  return res.status(400).json({ error: err.message }); 
}

在运行此Docker容器时如何执行命令？

2 个答案: