Question

我是Java的新手，在尝试理解异步代码及其管理方式时遇到了严重的问题。我的主要问题（这一切都开始了）是，我试图通过http请求读取JSON对象（到quotesList），并将其存储在全局变量中以备后用。当尝试运行我的代码时，由于它是异步运行的，因此该对象在其他函数中将被视为未定义，因为定义该对象的函数到那时还没有完成。我只是真的不知道如何解决这个问题。

非常感谢您的帮助！

let requestURL = 'https://gist.githubusercontent.com/nasrulhazim/54b659e43b1035215cd0ba1d4577ee80/raw/e3c6895ce42069f0ee7e991229064f167fe8ccdc/quotes.json'
var quotesList; 
var x = 5; 

var colors = [
    "EE6D51",
    "72EE51",
    "E7EA27",
    "FFA428",
    "28FF4F",
    "456CFC",
    "A645FC",
    "FC459B",
    "FC458A",
    "FE2842",
    "28FED4"
]


function getQuotes() {
    let request = new XMLHttpRequest(); 
    request.open('GET', requestURL);
    request.responseType = 'json'; 
    request.send(); 

    request.onload = function() {
        quotesList = request.response; 
        if (quotesList == null) {
            alert("Something's definitely wrong here...");
        }
        console.log('quotesList');
        console.log(quotesList);
    }
}

function populate() {
    var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * Math.floor(quotesList.quotes.length)); 
    document.getElementById('quote').innerHTML = quotesList.quotes[x].quote;
    document.getElementById('author').innerHTML = quotesList.quotes[x].author;
}

$(function() {

    getQuotes()
    populate

    while(($('.container strong ').height() >= 300)) {
        $('.container strong').css('font-size', (parseInt($('.container strong').css('font-size')) - 10.5) + "px");
        $('.container h3').css('font-size', (parseInt($('.container h3').css('font-size')) - 7.5) + "px");
    }
});

Answer 1

您应该阅读有关诺言的更多信息，异步/等待

这是您的工作代码（仅适用于新的浏览器（例如，没有IE），否则您需要babel来转换异步等待代码）

let requestURL = 'https://gist.githubusercontent.com/nasrulhazim/54b659e43b1035215cd0ba1d4577ee80/raw/e3c6895ce42069f0ee7e991229064f167fe8ccdc/quotes.json'
var quotesList; 
var x = 5; 

var colors = [
    "EE6D51",
    "72EE51",
    "E7EA27",
    "FFA428",
    "28FF4F",
    "456CFC",
    "A645FC",
    "FC459B",
    "FC458A",
    "FE2842",
    "28FED4"
]


function getQuotes() {
 return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    let request = new XMLHttpRequest(); 
    request.open('GET', requestURL);
    request.responseType = 'json'; 
    
    request.onload = function() {
        let status = request.status;
        quotesList = request.response; 
        if (quotesList == null) {
            alert("Something's definitely wrong here...");
        }
        console.log('quotesList');
        console.log(quotesList);
        if (status == 200) {
            resolve(request.response);
        } else {
            reject(status);
        }
    }
    
    request.send(); 
    });
}

function populate() {
    var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * Math.floor(quotesList.quotes.length)); 
    document.getElementById('quote').innerHTML = quotesList.quotes[x].quote;
    document.getElementById('author').innerHTML = uotesList.quotes[x].author;
}

async function start(){
    await getQuotes();
    populate();
}

$(function() {

    start();

    while(($('.container strong ').height() >= 300)) {
        $('.container strong').css('font-size', (parseInt($('.container strong').css('font-size')) - 10.5) + "px");
        $('.container h3').css('font-size', (parseInt($('.container h3').css('font-size')) - 7.5) + "px");
    }
});

您能帮助我了解如何解决此异步代码吗？

1 个答案: