我正在使用代码优先方法和实体框架来开发数据库。
我想在一些表之间使用外键,例如:
public class Producer
{
[Key]
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(254)]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
然后将另一个文件模型简化为
public class Product
{
[Key]
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(254)]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
我想要的是在产品上定义一个ProducerId字段,并将其链接到Producers ID字段,但是我不能告诉如何告诉它链接到哪个模型/表。
任何人都可以澄清吗?我认为,根据我所读的内容,我似乎需要使ID字段更具描述性,并且EF会找到该字段,该字段是Products Id字段的ProductId-但我仍然不肯定,它将可以在所有表格中使用。
是正确的还是我错过了什么?
编辑:
我尝试了下面的第一个答案,但是使用的表比两个表更多,并且出现此错误:
fail: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20102]
Failed executing DbCommand (46ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
CREATE TABLE `Product` (
`ProductId` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`ProducerId` int NOT NULL,
`ProductCategoryId` int NOT NULL,
`ProductStyleId` int NOT NULL,
`Name` varchar(254) NULL,
`Year` datetime NOT NULL,
`CreatedAt` datetime NOT NULL,
`CategoryId` int NOT NULL,
`StyleId` int NOT NULL,
`Image` varbinary(4000) NULL,
`TastingNotes` text NULL,
`Description` text NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ProductId`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_Producers_ProducerId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProducerId`) REFERENCES `Producers` (`ProducerId`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_ProductCategory_ProductCategoryId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProductCategoryId`) REFERENCES `ProductCategory` (`ProductCategoryId`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_ProductStyle_ProductStyleId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProductStyleId`) REFERENCES `ProductStyle` (`ProductStyleId`) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
Failed executing DbCommand (46ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
CREATE TABLE `Product` (
`ProductId` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`ProducerId` int NOT NULL,
`ProductCategoryId` int NOT NULL,
`ProductStyleId` int NOT NULL,
`Name` varchar(254) NULL,
`Year` datetime NOT NULL,
`CreatedAt` datetime NOT NULL,
`CategoryId` int NOT NULL,
`StyleId` int NOT NULL,
`Image` varbinary(4000) NULL,
`TastingNotes` text NULL,
`Description` text NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ProductId`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_Producers_ProducerId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProducerId`) REFERENCES `Producers` (`ProducerId`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_ProductCategory_ProductCategoryId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProductCategoryId`) REFERENCES `ProductCategory` (`ProductCategoryId`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT `FK_Product_ProductStyle_ProductStyleId` FOREIGN KEY (`ProductStyleId`) REFERENCES `ProductStyle` (`ProductStyleId`) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlException (0x80004005): Cannot add foreign key constraint
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlStream.ReadPacket()
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.NativeDriver.GetResult(Int32& affectedRow, Int64& insertedId)
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.Driver.GetResult(Int32 statementId, Int32& affectedRows, Int64& insertedId)
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.Driver.NextResult(Int32 statementId, Boolean force)
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlDataReader.NextResult()
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior)
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlCommand.ExecuteReader()
at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(RelationalCommandParameterObject parameterObject)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.MigrationCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(IRelationalConnection connection, IReadOnlyDictionary`2 parameterValues)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.Internal.MigrationCommandExecutor.ExecuteNonQuery(IEnumerable`1 migrationCommands, IRelationalConnection connection)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.Internal.Migrator.Migrate(String targetMigration)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.MigrationsOperations.UpdateDatabase(String targetMigration, String contextType)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.UpdateDatabaseImpl(String targetMigration, String contextType)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.UpdateDatabase.<>c__DisplayClass0_0.<.ctor>b__0()
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.Execute(Action action)
C
答案 0 :(得分:1)
假设您的生产者与产品具有一对多的关系,我会这样安排:
public class Producer
{
[Key]
public int ProducerID { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(254)]
public string Name { get; set; }
public ICollection<Product> Products { get; set; }
}
public class Product
{
[Key]
public int ProductID { get; set; }
public int ProducerID { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(254)]
public string Name { get; set; }
public Producer Producer { get; set;}
}
EF将在从那里进行迁移期间进行繁重的工作,您可以在更新数据库之前检查上下文模型快照,以确保它看起来正确。如果您还没有的话,建议您查看Microsoft Docs中的EF教程。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
要添加foreign key
,只需在Product
类中添加即可:
public int ProducerId { get; set; }
[ForeignKey("ProducerId")] //This attribute is optional bc EF should recognize Product obj specifi
public virtual Producer Producer { get; set; }
通过添加public virtual Producer Producer
,EF Core应该将ProducerId
属性识别为foreign key
。 virtual
用于启用Lazy Loading
。
[ForeignKey()]
是一个可选属性,用于显式指向foreign
和navigation
键。这篇文章应该进一步说明[ForeignKey()]
的可选用法。
How Should I Declare Foreign Key Relationships Using Code First Entity Framework (4.1) in MVC3?
要清楚,只需添加一个foreign
键,只需将其添加到类中即可。
public int ProducerId { get; set; }
public virtual Producer Producer { get; set; }