我对Angular(10)并不陌生,并尝试掌握Observables的概念。我有一个服务和一个组件,这些服务用参与者填充了一个数组,并且该组件应该显示参与者
服务
export class MercureService {
private _participants = new BehaviorSubject<ParticipantDTO[]>([]);
private participantList: Array<ParticipantDTO> = [];
constructor() {
}
get participants$(): Observable<Array<ParticipantDTO>> {
return this._participants.asObservable();
}
admin_topic(topic: AdminTopic): void {
const url = new URL(environment.mercure);
url.searchParams.append('topic', `${topic.sessionUuid}_${topic.userUuid}`);
const eventSource = new EventSource(url.toString());
eventSource.onmessage = event => {
const json = JSON.parse(event.data);
console.log('NEW EVENT');
// ...
if (json.event === BackendEvents.NEW_PARTICIPANT) {
this.participantList.push({voter: json.data.voter, voterUuid: json.data.voterUuid, vote: '0'});
this._participants.next(this.participantList);
}
};
}
Component.ts
export class StartSessionComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {
// ...
unsubscribe$: Subject<void> = new Subject<void>();
participantList: ParticipantDTO[];
constructor(
// ...
public mercure: MercureService
) {}
ngOnInit(): void {
this.mercure.participants$
.pipe(takeUntil(this.unsubscribe$))
.subscribe((data) => {
this.participantList = data;
});
this.mercure.admin_topic({sessionUuid: '123', userUuid: '456'});
}
ngOnDestroy(): void {
this.unsubscribe$.next();
this.unsubscribe$.complete();
}
Component.html
...
<div *ngFor="let participant of this.mercure.participants$ | async">
<p>{{participant.voter}} - Vote ({{participant.vote}})</p>
</div>
...
console
说,
NEW EVENT
,UI会更新(添加新的<p>WHATEVER NAME - VOTE XXX</p>
)。但是,当我从服务器发送第二条消息时,我得到了
NEW EVENT
再次,但用户界面未更新。我怀疑我在Observable上做错了,请给我一些帮助吗?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
这是一种预期的行为,因为this.participantList
指的是主题已经存储的值(因为引用未更改),您可能希望每次都散布数组以创建一个新数组您要更新其值:
this._participants.next(....this.participantList);
答案 1 :(得分:1)
问题在于EventSource事件是在Angular外部发出的,因此eventSource.onmessage
内部发生的任何事情都无法正确更新UI。这就是为什么您需要将onmessage
内发生的一切包装在NgZone的帮助下在Angular中运行。
查看示例:
constructor(
private zone: NgZone
) { }
admin_topic(topic: AdminTopic): void {
const url = new URL(environment.mercure);
url.searchParams.append('topic', `${topic.sessionUuid}_${topic.userUuid}`);
const eventSource = new EventSource(url.toString());
eventSource.onmessage = event => {
this.zone.run(() => { // This is what you need
const json = JSON.parse(event.data);
console.log('NEW EVENT');
// ...
if (json.event === BackendEvents.NEW_PARTICIPANT) {
this.participantList.push({ voter: json.data.voter, voterUuid: json.data.voterUuid, vote: '0' });
this._participants.next(this.participantList);
}
})
};
}
另一种解决方案是使用事件源包装器,该包装器将为您做完全相同的事情,并使您易于使用。它还将包裹在Observable中,以便您可以拥有丰富的经验。例如,请参见此文章:Event Source wrapped with NgZone and Observable