合并具有相同键但值不同的字典

时间:2020-08-29 08:31:42

标签: python list dictionary merge

我一般对python和开发都是陌生的,所以我可以肯定我的问题措辞有点错误。英语也不是我的母语,因此,如果您正在寻找有关我想做的事情的更多信息,我将很乐意为您解释。

基本上,我有一个字典列表,它们都共享相同的键但值不同。 例如:

List1 =  [{
'name':'yuval',
'age':16,
'favorite_thing_to_do': 'playing the cello' },

{
'name':'yuval',
'age':16,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'hearing music'},
'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'watch TV'}]

我正在寻找的输出是一个列表,其中favorite_thing_to_do会在任何可能的位置合并。

例如,出局将是

[{'name':'yuval',
'age':16,
'favorite_thing_to_do': ['playing the cello' , 'hearing music']},

{'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'watch TV'}]

但是,我不知道该怎么做。 我设法定义了一个名为merge_dict的函数,该函数基本上需要两个字典,比较前两个键(名称和年龄),如果值相同,则返回一个字典,其中favorite_thing_to_do是一个列表函数接收的两个不同字典中的不同值。

从概念上讲,该功能非常有用;但是,我不知道如何在包含100多个未过滤字典的列表上运行此功能; 有更简单的方法吗?

编辑: 我将包括到目前为止已经完成的相关代码。 我不知道如何在列表中做我想做的事,所以我只声明了两个字典:我的函数merge_dict集中的Item3,Item4:

Item3 = {
'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'watch TV'}

Item4 = {
'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do': 'listening to teachers'

 }

def merge_dict(dict1, dict2):
# we know that dict1 and dict2 are the same length, same keys.
    dict3 = {}

    for i in dict1:
        if dict1[i] == dict2[i]:
            dict3[i] = dict1[i]

    if i == 'favorite_thing_to_do':
        if isinstance(dict1[i], str) and isinstance(dict2[i],str) :
            dict3[i] = [dict1[i] , dict2[i]]

        if isinstance(dict1[i], list) and isinstance(dict2[i],str):
            dict3[i] = dict1[i] + [dict2[i]]

        if isinstance(dict1[i], str) and isinstance(dict2[i],list):
            dict3[i] = [dict1[i]] + dict1[i]

        if isinstance(dict1[i], list) and isinstance(dict2[i],list):
            dict3[i] = dict1[i] + dict1[i]

return dict3


print(merge_dict(Item3, Item4))
>>> {'name': 'shiri', 'age': 12, 'favorite_thing_to_do': ['watch TV', 
'listening to teachers']}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我看到我错过了姓名和年龄部分。这是一种变体,其中我使用名称和年龄的元组作为键,并使用字典作为值。

经过编辑以以要求的格式显示结果(尽管最好返回名称):

def merge(dirs):
    names = {}
    for d in dirs:
        if (d['name'], d['age']) not in names:
            names[(d['name'], d['age'])] = {}
        for k in d:
            if k not in ('name', 'age'):
                if k not in names[(d['name'], d['age'])]:
                    names[(d['name'], d['age'])][k] = set([])
                names[(d['name'], d['age'])][k].add(d[k])
  # return names
    return [{'name':k[0], 'age':k[1], 'favorite_things_to_do': 
         list(v2) } for k, v in names.items() for v2 in v.values() ]

print(merge(List1))

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以执行以下操作:

List1 =  [{
'name':'yuval',
'age':16,
'favorite_thing_to_do': 'playing the cello' },
{
'name':'yuval',
'age':16,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'hearing music'},
{'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do':'watch TV'}]


def merge_dict(dictionary,merged_dict):
    name = dictionary.get('name')
    age = dictionary.get('age')
    favorite = dictionary.get('favorite_thing_to_do')

    #var to inform if needed to write a new dict:
    found_item = False

    # if merged_dict list is empty create the first dict:
    if len(merged_dict)==0:
        merged_dict.append({'name':name, 'age':age,'favorite_thing_to_do':[favorite] })

    # if  merged_dict list is not empty,
    else:
        #look for name and age in all dicts of merged_dict:
        for registred_dict in merged_dict:
            #If found => Append favorite_thing_to_do
            if registred_dict.get('name') == name and registred_dict.get('age')==age:
                registred_dict['favorite_thing_to_do'].append(favorite)
                found_item=True

        #If not found create a new dict in merged_dict:
        if not found_item:
            merged_dict.append({'name':name, 'age':age,'favorite_thing_to_do':[favorite] })


merged_dict = []
for dictionary in List1:
    merge_dict(dictionary,merged_dict)
print(merged_dict)

Item4 = {
'name':'shiri',
'age':12,
'favorite_thing_to_do': 'listening to teachers'
 }
merge_dict(Item4,merged_dict)
print(merged_dict)

首先打印结果:

[{'name': 'yuval', 'age': 16, 'favorite_thing_to_do': ['playing the cello', 'hearing music']}, {'name': 'shiri', 'age': 12, 'favorite_thing_to_do': ['watch TV']}]

合并Item4后的结果:

[{'name': 'yuval', 'age': 16, 'favorite_thing_to_do': ['playing the cello', 'hearing music']}, {'name': 'shiri', 'age': 12, 'favorite_thing_to_do': ['watch TV', 'listening to teachers']}]