我正在使用Ubuntu 16.04。我想使用“ apt-get install”安装与ROS相关的软件包，但无效。终端说如下。
$ sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-libuvc
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
bzr : Depends: python:any
gimp : Depends: python:any (>= 2.6.6-7~)
gyp : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
inkscape : Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
ipython : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
libboost-mpi-python1.58.0 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
libboost-python1.58-dev : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
libglib2.0-dev : Depends: python:any (>= 2.6.6-7~)
meld : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
mercurial : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
mercurial-common : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-all : Depends: python (= 2.7.12-1~16.04) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-all-dev : Depends: python (= 2.7.12-1~16.04) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-amqp : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-anyjson : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-apt : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-attr : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-autobahn : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-billiard : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-blinker : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-bluez : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-bs4 : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-bson : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-bson-ext : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-bzrlib : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-cairo : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-catkin-pkg : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-catkin-pkg-modules : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-catkin-tools : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-celery : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-cffi-backend : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-chardet : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-concurrent.futures : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-configobj : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-coverage : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-crypto : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-cryptography : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-cycler : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-dateutil : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-dbus : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-decorator : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-defusedxml : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-dev : Depends: python (= 2.7.12-1~16.04) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-docutils : Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
python-ecdsa : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-empy : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-enum34 : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-flask : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-funcsigs : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-gi : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-gi-cairo : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-git : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-gitdb : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-glade2 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-gobject-2 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-gpgme : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-gridfs : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-gtk2 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-html5lib : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-httplib2 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-idna : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-imaging : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-ipaddress : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-itsdangerous : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-jinja2 : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-keyring : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-kombu : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-launchpadlib : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-lazr.restfulclient : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-lazr.uri : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-lxml : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-lz4 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-mailer : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-markupsafe : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-matplotlib : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-mechanize : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-memcache : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-mock : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-mpi4py : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-msgpack : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-netifaces : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-nose : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-numpy : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-oauth : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-opengl : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
Depends: python-ctypes
python-openssl : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-osrf-pycommon : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-pam : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-paramiko : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pbr : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pexpect : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pil : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pil.imagetk : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pip : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pkg-resources : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-psutil : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-ptyprocess : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyasn1 : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyasn1-modules : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyassimp : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pycurl : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pydot : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pygments : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyinotify : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pymongo : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pymongo-ext : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyparsing : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyqt5 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyqt5.qtopengl : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyqt5.qtsvg : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyqt5.qtwebkit : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.phonon : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtcore : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtdeclarative : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtgui : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qthelp : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtnetwork : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtopengl : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtscript : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtsql : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtsvg : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qttest : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtuitools : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtwebkit : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside.qtxml : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtconcurrent : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtcore : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-pyside2.qtgui : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qthelp : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtnetwork : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtprintsupport : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtscript : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtsql : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtsvg : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qttest : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtuitools : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtwebkit : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtwebkitwidgets : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtwidgets : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtx11extras : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-pyside2.qtxml : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-qt4 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-rdkit : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-roman : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-rosdep : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-rosdistro : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-rosdistro-modules : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-rosinstall : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-rosinstall-generator : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-rospkg : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-rospkg-modules : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-scipy : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-secretstorage : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-serial : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-service-identity : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-setuptools : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-simplegeneric : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-simplejson : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-sip : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-sip-dev : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-six : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-skimage : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-skimage-lib : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-smmap : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-snappy : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-software-properties : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-talloc : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-tk : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-trollius : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-twisted : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7~)
python-twisted-bin : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-twisted-core : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-txaio : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-tz : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-vcstools : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-vtk6 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-wadllib : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-werkzeug : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-wheel : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-wstool : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-wxgtk3.0 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-wxversion : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-yaml : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
python-zope.interface : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
然后我尝试了“ apt-get -f install”，但是它也无法像下面那样工作。
$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
bzr : Depends: python:any
gimp : Depends: python:any (>= 2.6.6-7~)
gyp : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is installed
inkscape : Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
ipython : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is installed
libboost-mpi-python1.58.0 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
libboost-python1.58-dev : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
libglib2.0-dev : Depends: python:any (>= 2.6.6-7~)
meld : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
mercurial : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is installed
mercurial-common : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
.....
python-zope.interface : Depends: python (< 2.8) but 3.7.0-1 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies
这些错误参考python 3.7。我从源代码安装了python 3.7。我已经从/ usr / bin和/ usr / local / bin中删除了python 3.7。但是，上述问题尚未解决。默认版本python 3.5仍然有效，因此我可以在计算机上使用python3。
有人可以建议我如何解决问题以及我的计算机吗？我需要避免清理操作系统。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
Ubuntu依赖于所安装的特定版本的Python。在16.04中，/usr/bin/python必须为2.7，并且/usr/bin/python3必须为3.5。从源代码安装Python的make install步骤可能会覆盖这些文件。值得庆幸的是，它们只是符号链接，因此修复它应该很容易。以root用户身份：
# ln -sf python2.7 /usr/bin/python
# ln -sf python3.5 /usr/bin/python3
但是，如果您确实需要二进制文件，则可以使用上面的链接。只需选择您的体系结构，然后选择一面镜子。或使用apt download python python3（如果可行）。然后使用dpkg -i安装软件包。
然后将3.7安装回/usr/bin/python3.7，我相信您可以运行make altinstall。