我想将命令的输出发送到STDOUT和变量。我想结合起来：
my $var = `some command` ;
system( 'some command' ) ;
Tee是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，但这会将其发送到文件而不是变量。我想我可以读取文件，但直接在那里更简单。
答案 0 :(得分：15)
两个流的输出是否同时发生？
如果没有，你可以这样做：
my $var = 'cmd'
my $output = `$cmd`
print STDOUT $output
或更安全的版本，不涉及调用子shell，并一次打印到STDOUT一行：
sub backtick(@)
{
my $pid = open(KID, '-|');
die "fork: $!" unless defined($pid);
if ($pid) {
my $output;
while (<KID>) {
print STDOUT $_;
$output .= $_; # could be improved...
}
close(KID);
return $output;
} else {
exec @_;
}
}
my @cmd = ('/bin/ls', '-l');
my $output = backtick(@cmd);
答案 1 :(得分：9)
use Capture::Tiny 'tee';
my $output = tee { system( "some command" ) };
我写这篇文章是为了取代Tee和其他大约20个进行某种捕获的模块，但这些模块在某种程度上存在缺陷。
- xdg（又名dagolden）
答案 2 :(得分：2)
也许我的回答可以帮到你：How can I hook into Perl’s print?
答案 3 :(得分：1)
您可以将IO::String模块select() STDOUT用于字符串，然后调用system()来运行该命令。您可以从IO::String句柄收集输出。这有效地完成了反引号语法的功能。
因此，要实时收集命令输出，请通过system()或其他方式异步运行fork()命令，并轮询句柄以获取更新。
编辑：根据OP，事实证明这种方法不起作用。 select()不会影响system()次来电。
此外，IO::String已被替换为新的open()语法，因为Perl 5.8具有相同的功能。
答案 4 :(得分：1)
您也可以通过文件句柄执行此操作。不像某些解决方案那么优雅，但它可能会起作用。有点像：
my $foo;
open(READ, "env ps |");
while (<READ>) {
print;
$foo .= $_;
}
print $foo;
close(READ);
答案 5 :(得分：0)
将Tee模块的输出发送至/dev/stdout（或/dev/fd/1）。
答案 6 :(得分：0)
package Logger ;
# docs at the end ...
use lib '.' ; use strict ; use warnings ; use Carp qw(cluck);
our ( $MyBareName , $LibDir , $RunDir ) = () ;
BEGIN {
$RunDir = '' ;
$0 =~ m/^(.*)(\\|\/)(.*)\.([a-z]*)/;
$RunDir = $1 if defined $1 ;
push ( @INC , $RunDir) ;
#debug print join ( ' ' , @INC ) ;
} #eof sub
use Timer ; use FileHandler ;
# the hash holding the vars
our $confHolder = () ;
# ===============================================================
# START OO
# the constructor
sub new {
my $self = shift;
#get the has containing all the settings
$confHolder = ${ shift @_ } ;
# Set the defaults ...
Initialize () ;
return bless({}, $self);
} #eof new
BEGIN {
# strip the remote path and keep the bare name
$0=~m/^(.*)(\\|\/)(.*)\.([a-z]*)/;
my ( $MyBareName , $RunDir ) = () ;
$MyBareName = $3;
$RunDir= $1 ;
push ( @INC,$RunDir ) ;
} #eof BEGIN
sub AUTOLOAD {
my $self = shift ;
no strict 'refs';
my $name = our $AUTOLOAD;
*$AUTOLOAD = sub {
my $msg = "BOOM! BOOM! BOOM! \n RunTime Error !!!\nUndefined Function $name(@_)\n" ;
print "$self , $msg";
};
goto &$AUTOLOAD; # Restart the new routine.
}
sub DESTROY {
my $self = shift;
#debug print "the DESTRUCTOR is called \n" ;
return ;
}
END {
close(STDOUT) || die "can't close STDOUT: $! \n\n" ;
close(STDERR) || die "can't close STDERR: $! \n\n" ;
}
# STOP OO
# =============================================================================
sub Initialize {
$confHolder = { Foo => 'Bar' , } unless ( $confHolder ) ;
# if the log dir does not exist create it
my $LogDir = '' ;
$LogDir = $confHolder->{'LogDir'} ;
# create the log file in the current directory if it is not specified
unless ( defined ( $LogDir )) {
$LogDir = $RunDir ;
}
use File::Path qw(mkpath);
if( defined ($LogDir) && !-d "$LogDir" ) {
mkpath("$LogDir") ||
cluck ( " Cannot create the \$LogDir : $LogDir $! !!! " ) ;
}
# START set default value if value not specified =========================
# Full debugging ....
$confHolder->{'LogLevel'} = 4
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'LogLevel'} ) ) ;
$confHolder->{'PrintErrorMsgs'} = 1
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'PrintErrorMsgs'} ) ) ;
$confHolder->{'PrintDebugMsgs'} = 1
unless ( defined ($confHolder->{'PrintDebugMsgs'})) ;
$confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} = 1
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} )) ;
$confHolder->{'PrintWarningMsgs'} = 1
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'PrintWarningMsgs'} ) ) ;
$confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} = 1
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} ) ) ;
$confHolder->{'LogTimeToTextSeparator'} = '---'
unless ( defined ( $confHolder->{'LogTimeToTextSeparator'} ) ) ;
#
# STOP set default value if value not specified =========================
} #eof sub Initialize
# =============================================================================
# START functions
# logs an warning message
sub LogErrorMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msg = "@_" ;
my $msgType = "ERROR" ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintErrorMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$self->LogMsg( $msgType , "$msg" ) if ( $confHolder->{'PrintErrorMsgs'} == 1 ) ;
} #eof sub
# logs an warning message
sub LogWarningMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msg = "@_" ;
my $msgType = 'WARNING' ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintWarningMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$self->LogMsg( $msgType , "$msg" ) if ( $confHolder->{'PrintWarningMsgs'} == 1 ) ;
} #eof sub
# logs an info message
sub LogInfoMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msg = "@_" ;
my $msgType = 'INFO' ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintInfoMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$self->LogMsg( $msgType , "$msg" ) if ( $confHolder->{'PrintInfoMsgs'} == 1 ) ;
} #eof sub
# logs an trace message
sub LogTraceMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msg = "@_" ;
my $msgType = 'TRACE' ;
my ($package, $filename, $line) = caller();
# Do not print anything if the PrintDebugMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$msg = "$msg : FROM Package: $package FileName: $filename Line: $line " ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$self->LogMsg( $msgType , "$msg" ) if ( $confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} == 1 ) ;
} #eof sub
# logs an Debug message
sub LogDebugMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msg = "@_" ;
my $msgType = 'DEBUG' ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
# Do not print anything if the PrintWarningMsgs = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'PrintDebugMsgs'} == 0 ) ;
$self->LogMsg( $msgType , "$msg" ) if ( $confHolder->{'PrintDebugMsgs'} == 1 ) ;
} #eof sub
sub GetLogFile {
my $self = shift ;
#debug print "The log file is " . $confHolder->{ 'LogFile' } ;
my $LogFile = $confHolder->{ 'LogFile' } ;
#if the log file is not defined we create one
unless ( $confHolder->{ 'LogFile' } ) {
$LogFile = "$0.log" ;
}
return $LogFile ;
} #eof sub
sub BuildMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msgType = shift ;
my $objTimer= new Timer();
my $HumanReadableTime = $objTimer->GetHumanReadableTime();
my $LogTimeToTextSeparator = $confHolder->{'LogTimeToTextSeparator'} ;
my $msg = () ;
# PRINT TO STDOUT if
if ( $msgType eq 'WARNING'
|| $msgType eq 'INFO'
|| $msgType eq 'DEBUG'
|| $msgType eq 'TRACE' ) {
$msg = " $HumanReadableTime $LogTimeToTextSeparator $msgType : @_ \n" ;
}
elsif ( $msgType eq 'ERROR' ) {
$msg = " $HumanReadableTime $LogTimeToTextSeparator $msgType : @_ \n" ;
}
else {
$msg = " $HumanReadableTime $LogTimeToTextSeparator $msgType @_ \n" ;
}
return $msg ;
} #eof sub BuildMsg
sub LogMsg {
my $self = shift ;
my $msgType = shift ;
my $msg = $self->BuildMsg ( $msgType , @_ ) ;
my $LogFile = $self -> GetLogFile();
# Do not print anything if the LogLevel = 0
return if ( $confHolder->{'LogLevel'} == 0 ) ;
# PRINT TO STDOUT if
if (
$confHolder->{'PrintMsgs'} == 1
|| $confHolder->{'PrintInfoMsgs'} == 1
|| $confHolder->{'PrintDebugMsgs'} == 1
|| $confHolder->{'PrintTraceMsgs'} == 1
) {
print STDOUT $msg ;
}
elsif ( $confHolder->{'PrintErrorMsgs'} ) {
print STDERR $msg ;
}
if ( $confHolder->{'LogToFile'} == 1 ) {
my $LogFile = $self -> GetLogFile();
my $objFileHandler = new FileHandler();
$objFileHandler->AppendToFile( $LogFile , "$msg" );
} #eof if
#TODO: ADD DB LOGGING
} #eof LogMsg
# STOP functions
# =============================================================================
1;
__END__
=head1 NAME
Logger
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use Logger ;
=head1 DESCRIPTION
Provide a simple interface for dynamic logging. This is part of the bigger Morphus tool : google code morphus
Prints the following type of output :
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- this is a simple message
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- ERROR : This is an error message
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- WARNING : This is a warning message
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- INFO : This is a info message
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- DEBUG : This is a debug message
2011.06.11-13:33:11 --- TRACE : This is a trace message : FROM Package: Morphus
FileName: E:\Perl\sfw\morphus\morphus.0.5.0.dev.ysg\sfw\perl\morphus.pl Line: 52
=head2 EXPORT
=head1 SEE ALSO
perldoc perlvars
No mailing list for this module
=head1 AUTHOR
yordan.georgiev@gmail.com
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright (C) 2011 Yordan Georgiev
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.8.1 or,
at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.
VersionHistory:
1.4.0 --- 2011.06.11 --- ysg --- Separated actions of building and printing msgs. Total refactoring. Beta .
1.3.0 --- 2011.06.09 --- ysg --- Added Initialize
1.2.0 --- 2011.06.07 --- ysg --- Added LogInfoErrorMsg print both to all possible
1.1.4 --- ysg --- added default values if conf values are not set
1.0.0 --- ysg --- Create basic methods
1.0.0 --- ysg --- Stolen shamelessly from several places of the Perl monks ...
=cut
答案 7 :(得分：0)
my $ output = system（“your command | tee / dev / tty”）;
为我工作!!