Question

我有一个.txt文件，内容为：

Areca Palm
2018-11-03 18:21:26
Tropical/sub-Tropical plant
Leathery leaves, mid to dark green
Moist and well-draining soil
Semi-shade/full shade light requirements
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Intolerant to root rot
Propagate by cuttings in water

Canary Date Palm 
2018-11-05 10:12:15
Semi-shade, full sun
Dark green leathery leaves
Like lots of water,but soil cannot be water-logged
Like to be root bound in pot

我想将这些.txt文件转换为python词典，并且输出应如下所示：

d = {'Areca Palm': ('2018-11-03 18:21:26', 'Tropical/sub-Tropical plant', 'Leathery leaves, mid to dark green', 'Moist and well-draining soil'..etc 'Canary Date Palm': ('2018-11-05 10:12:15', 'Semi-shade, full sun'...)

我该怎么做？

Answer 1

以下代码显示了一种执行此操作的方法，即使用非常简单的两种状态机读取文件：

with open("data.in") as inFile:
    # Initialise dictionary and simple state machine.

    afterBlank = True
    myDict = {}

    # Process each line in turn.

    for line in inFile.readlines():
        line = line.strip()

        if afterBlank:
            # First non-blank after blank (or at file start) is key
            # (blanks after blanks are ignored).

            if line != "":
                key = line
                myDict[key] = []
                afterBlank = False
        else:
            # Subsequent non-blanks are additional lines for key
            # (blank after non-blank switches state).

            if line != "":
                myDict[key].append(line)
            else:
                afterBlank = True

# Dictionary holds lists, make into tuples if desired.

for key in myDict.keys():
    myDict[key] = tuple(myDict[key])

import pprint
pprint.pprint(myDict)

使用输入数据可以得到输出（与标准Python pprint相比，print的输出更具可读性）

{'Areca Palm': ('2018-11-03 18:21:26',
                'Tropical/sub-Tropical plant',
                'Leathery leaves, mid to dark green',
                'Moist and well-draining soil',
                'Semi-shade/full shade light requirements',
                'Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry',
                'Intolerant to root rot',
                'Propagate by cuttings in water'),
 'Canary Date Palm': ('2018-11-05 10:12:15',
                      'Semi-shade, full sun',
                      'Dark green leathery leaves',
                      'Like lots of water,but soil cannot be water-logged',
                      'Like to be root bound in pot')}

Answer 2

通过编写函数可以大大简化许多解析问题处理文件并一次产生一行有意义的行。通常，这部分所需的逻辑非常简单。和它保持简单，因为该功能与其他功能无关有关较大问题的详细信息。

然后，该步骤简化了下游代码，该代码侧重于解构一次一个有意义的部分。这部分可以忽略较大的文件问题-同样保持简单。

说明：

import sys

def get_paragraphs(path):
    par = []
    with open(path) as fh:         # The basic pattern tends to repeat:
        for line in fh:
            line = line.rstrip()
            if line:               # Store lines you want.
                par.append(line)
            elif par:              # Yield prior batch.
                yield par
                par = []
        if par:                    # Don't forget the last one.
            yield par

path = sys.argv[1]
d = {
    p[0] : tuple(p[1:])
    for p in get_paragraphs(path)
}

您如何将该文本文件转换为字典？（蟒蛇）

2 个答案:

您如何将该文本文件转换为字典？ （蟒蛇）

2 个答案:

您如何将该文本文件转换为字典？（蟒蛇）