我一直在尝试使用React Testing Library并遵循其guiding principles编写一些测试,因为这些测试应该以用户使用它的方式来测试应用程序组件。
我有一个组件,该组件呈现具有多个字段的对象列表,每个对象都具有多个字段,从而产生如下所示的DOM:
<div>
<h1>Fluffy</h1>
<h2>Cat</h2>
<span>3 years old</span>
</div>
<div>
<h1>Oscar</h1>
<h2>Cat</h2>
<span>2 years old</span>
</div>
<div>
<h1>Charlie</h1>
<h2>Dog</h2>
<span>3 years old</span>
</div>
我想断言每个对象都正确地显示了相关字段,但是我看不到如何使用React Testing Library做到这一点。到目前为止,我有:
it('renders the animal names, species, and ages', () => {
render(<MyAnimalsComponent />)
const fluffyName = screen.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Fluffy' })
expect(fluffyName).toBeInTheDocument()
// The problem here is that there are multiple headings with the name "Cat" (Fluffy and Oscar) and I have no way of checking that the one that is returned is actually the one for Fluffy.
const fluffySpecies = screen.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Cat' })
expect(fluffySpecies).toBeInTheDocument()
// Likewise, the age "3 years old" is rendered for both Fluffy and Charlie. How do I make sure I get the one that is rendered in the same container as Fluffy's name?
const fluffyAge = screen.getByText('3 years old')
expect(fluffyAge).toBeInTheDocument()
})
有什么方法可以使用React Testing库中的查询方法来仅查找与另一个元素具有共同父元素的元素吗?还是一种获取元素父元素然后仅查找该元素子元素的方法?
在仍然遵循React Testing库的指导原则的情况下实现此目标的最佳方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
解决此问题的一种方法是使用顶级getByRole
和getByText
方法并将一个元素作为第一个参数传递,以将查询限制为该元素。
在我的示例中,这涉及在一些包装器元素上设置role
属性,以使其在语义上更容易找到这些元素:
<div role="list">
<div role="listitem">
<h1>Fluffy</h1>
<h2>Cat</h2>
<span>3 years old</span>
</div>
<div role="listitem">
<h1>Oscar</h1>
<h2>Cat</h2>
<span>2 years old</span>
</div>
<div role="listitem">
<h1>Charlie</h1>
<h2>Dog</h2>
<span>3 years old</span>
</div>
</div>
然后在测试中,我找到了不同的列表项目,然后对这些项目进行了查询:
import { render, screen, getByText, getByRole } from '@testing-library/react'
it('renders the animal names, species, and ages', () => {
render(<MyAnimalsComponent />)
const animals = screen.getAllByRole('listitem')
const fluffyName = getByRole(animals[0], 'heading', { name: 'Fluffy' })
expect(fluffyName).toBeInTheDocument()
const fluffySpecies = getByRole(animals[0], 'heading', { name: 'Cat' })
expect(fluffySpecies).toBeInTheDocument()
const fluffyAge = getByText(animals[0], '3 years old')
expect(fluffyAge).toBeInTheDocument()
})