我目前有一个SQLAlchemy模型User
,它具有两种与之相关的度量值:体重和身高。这些将作为外键添加。
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
__tablename__ = "user"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True)
password = db.Column(db.String(100))
name = db.Column(db.String(1000))
weight = db.relationship("Weight", cascade="all,delete")
height = db.relationship("Height", cascade="all,delete")
class Weight(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "weight"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
date = db.Column(db.DateTime)
weight = db.Column(db.Float)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id", ondelete="CASCADE"))
class Height(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "height"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
date = db.Column(db.DateTime)
height = db.Column(db.Float)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id", ondelete="CASCADE"))
我希望能够添加更多类型的度量,而不必每次都重建数据库结构。因此,我考虑使用通用的Measurement
模型,该模型的测量类型包含一列(不是Enum
,因此我可以轻松添加新类型):
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
__tablename__ = "user"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True)
password = db.Column(db.String(100))
name = db.Column(db.String(1000))
measurements = db.relationship("Measurement", cascade="all,delete")
@property
def weight(self):
pass # <-- No idea what to do here
@property
def height(self):
pass # <-- No idea what to do here
class Measurement(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "measurement"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
date = db.Column(db.DateTime)
value = db.Column(db.Float)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id", ondelete="CASCADE"))
measurement_type_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('measurement_type.id'))
measurement_type = db.relationship("MeasurementType")
class MeasurementType(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "measurement_type"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(100))
unit = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=True)
使用这种新模型,我如何只获得例如重量?使用当前模型,就这么简单,其中current_user
是当前登录的用户:
current_user.weight
但是我想那一定是这样的:
current_user.measurements.filter(Measurement.measurement_type == "Weight")
(这不起作用,因为current_user.measurements
返回一个列表。)
类似地,我该如何为测量添加新值?目前,我正在这样做:
current_user.weight.append(Weight(date=date, weight=weight))
db.session.commit()
我是否基本上需要复制relationship
的低级实现才能通过用户ID和测量类型这两项进行过滤?
还是可以使用association proxy以某种方式实现这一目标?还是(正确)使用primaryjoin
的{{1}}参数?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我发现实现此目标的最简单方法是在关系上使用动态延迟加载,正如在this answer到similar question上所建议的那样。这样,返回类型不再是简单的列表,而是一个SQL对象。这也使用简单的字符串作为度量类型,而不是查找表。
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
__tablename__ = "user"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True)
password = db.Column(db.String(100))
name = db.Column(db.String(1000))
measurements = db.relationship("Measurement", cascade="all,delete", lazy="dynamic")
class Measurement(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "measurement"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
m_type = db.Column(db.String(20))
date = db.Column(db.DateTime)
value = db.Column(db.Float)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id", ondelete="CASCADE"))
之后,您可以对测量使用常规的滤波方法:
list(current_user.measurements.filter_by(m_type="weight"))
添加新行也非常简单:
current_user.measurements.append(Measurement(m_type="weight", date=date, value=weight))