嗨，我的游戏有问题，当您运行它时，在“第283行 bullets.pop（0）“，” IndexError：从空列表中弹出“，我认为这是因为项目符号列表为空并且无法弹出它们，但我不知道如何解决。 如果您能帮助我，我将非常感谢。 这是代码，谢谢。
import pygame
import math
import random
pygame.init()
win = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 400))
pygame.display.set_caption("Pandemic")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
score = 0
walkup = [pygame.image.load("Soldier-1up.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-2up.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-3up.png")]
walkdown = [pygame.image.load("Soldier-1down.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-2down.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-3down.png")]
walkright = [pygame.image.load("Soldier-1right.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-2right.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-3right.png")]
walkleft = [pygame.image.load("Soldier-1left.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-2left.png"), pygame.image.load("Soldier-3left.png")]
bg = pygame.image.load("map.png")
ch = pygame.image.load("Soldier-1up.png")
bulletimg = pygame.image.load("bullet.png")
walkvirus1 = [pygame.image.load("virus1.png"), pygame.image.load("virus2.png"), pygame.image.load("virus3.png")]
walkvirus2 = [pygame.image.load("1virus1.png"), pygame.image.load("1virus2.png"), pygame.image.load("1virus3.png")]
background1 = pygame.image.load("menu.png")
class player(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.vel = 5
self.walkcount = 0
self.right = False
self.left = False
self.up = False
self.down = False
self.standing = True
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
self.life = 3
def draw(self, win):
if self.walkcount + 1 >= 60:
self.walkcount = 0
if not (self.standing):
if self.left:
win.blit(walkleft[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
elif self.right:
win.blit(walkright[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
elif self.up:
win.blit(walkup[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
elif self.down:
win.blit(walkdown[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
else:
if self.up:
win.blit(walkup[0], (self.x, self.y))
elif self.down:
win.blit(walkdown[0], (self.x, self.y))
elif self.right:
win.blit(walkright[0], (self.x, self.y))
elif self.left:
win.blit(walkleft[0], (self.x, self.y))
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
#pygame.draw.rect(win, (255, 0, 0), self.hitbox, 2)
def hit(self):
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
self.life -= 1
self.walkcount = 0
font1 = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 100)
text = font1.render("-1 out of 3 lifes.", 1, (255,0,0))
win.blit(text, (400 - (text.get_width()/2),150))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.time.delay(1000)
if self.life == 0:
pygame.quit()
class Bullet(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, radius, color, vertfacing, hortfacing):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.radius = radius
self.color = color
self.speed = 8
self.vertfacing = vertfacing
self.hortfacing = hortfacing
def draw(self, screen):
pygame.draw.circle(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y), self.radius)
def move(self):
if self.hortfacing == -1:
self.x -= self.speed
elif self.hortfacing == 1:
self.x += self.speed
elif self.vertfacing == 1:
self.y += self.speed
elif self.vertfacing == -1:
self.y -= self.speed
class enemy(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, end):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.end = end
self.path = [self.x, self.end]
self.walkcount = 0
self.vel = 2
self.life = 3
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
self.health = 15
self.visible = True
def draw(self, win):
self.move()
if self.visible:
if self.walkcount + 1 >= 60:
self.walkcount = 0
if self.vel > 0:
win.blit(walkvirus1[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
else:
win.blit(walkvirus1[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
pygame.draw.rect(win, (250, 0, 0), (self.hitbox[0], self.hitbox[1] - 20, 65, 10))
pygame.draw.rect(win, (0, 250, 0), (self.hitbox[0], self.hitbox[1] - 20, 65 - ((65/15) * (15 - self.health)), 10))
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
#pygame.draw.rect(win, (255, 0, 0), self.hitbox, 2)
def move(self):
dx, dy = man.x - self.x, man.y - self.y
dist = math.hypot(dx, dy)
dx, dy = dx / dist, dy / dist
self.x += dx * self.vel
self.y += dy * self.vel
def hit(self):
self.walkcount = 0
if self.health > 0:
self.health -= 1
elif self.life > 0:
self.x = random.randint(400, 600)
self.y = random.randint(800, 1000)
self.health = 15
self.life -= 1
else:
self.visible = False
print("hit")
class enemy1(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, end):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.end = end
self.path = [self.x, self.end]
self.walkcount = 0
self.vel = 2
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
self.health = 30
self. life = 3
self.visible = True
def draw(self, win):
self.move()
if self.visible:
if self.walkcount + 1 >= 60:
self.walkcount = 0
if self.vel > 0:
win.blit(walkvirus2[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
else:
win.blit(walkvirus2[self.walkcount // 20], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkcount += 1
pygame.draw.rect(win, (250, 0, 0), (self.hitbox[0], self.hitbox[1] - 20, 65, 10))
pygame.draw.rect(win, (0, 250, 0), (self.hitbox[0], self.hitbox[1] - 20, 65 - ((65/30) * (30 - self.health)), 10))
self.hitbox = (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
#pygame.draw.rect(win, (255, 0, 0), self.hitbox, 2)
def move(self):
dx, dy = man.x - self.x, man.y - self.y
dist = math.hypot(dx, dy)
dx, dy = dx / dist, dy / dist
self.x += dx * self.vel
self.y += dy * self.vel
def hit(self):
self.walkcount = 0
if self.health > 0:
self.health -= 1
elif self.life > 0:
self.x = random.randint(400, 600)
self.y = random.randint(800, 1000)
self.health = 30
self.life -= 1
else:
self.visible = False
print("hit1")
def RedrawGame():
win.blit(bg, (0, 0))
text = font.render("score: " + str(score), 1, (0,0,0))
win.blit(text, (380, 10))
man.draw(win)
virus1.draw(win)
virus2.draw(win)
for bullet in bullets:
bullet.draw(win)
pygame.display.update()
#Loop
font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans",30,True)
man = player(400, 100, 64, 64)
virus1 = enemy(40, 110, 64, 64, 450)
virus2 = enemy1(40, 10, 64, 64, 450)
shoot = 0
bullets = []
run = True
menu = True
while run:
while menu:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
quit()
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
menu = False
win.fill((0, 0, 0))
clock.tick(60)
win.blit(background1, (0, 0))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)
if virus1.visible == True:
if man.hitbox[1] < virus1.hitbox[1] + virus1.hitbox[3] and man.hitbox[1] + man.hitbox[3] > virus1.hitbox[1]:
if man.hitbox[0] + man.hitbox[2] > virus1.hitbox[0] and man.hitbox[0] < virus1.hitbox[0] + virus1.hitbox[2]:
man.hit()
if virus2.visible == True:
if man.hitbox[1] < virus2.hitbox[1] + virus2.hitbox[3] and man.hitbox[1] + man.hitbox[3] > virus2.hitbox[1]:
if man.hitbox[0] + man.hitbox[2] > virus2.hitbox[0] and man.hitbox[0] < virus2.hitbox[0] + virus2.hitbox[2]:
man.hit()
if shoot > 0:
shoot += 1
if shoot > 3:
shoot = 0
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
for bullet in bullets:
if virus1.visible == True:
if bullet.y - bullet.radius < virus1.hitbox[1] + virus1.hitbox[3] and virus1.y + bullet.radius > virus1.hitbox[1]:
if bullet.x + bullet.radius > virus1.hitbox[0] and bullet.x - bullet.radius < virus1.hitbox[0] + \
virus1.hitbox[2]:
virus1.hit()
score += 1
bullets.pop(0)
if virus2.visible == True:
if bullet.y - bullet.radius < virus2.hitbox[1] + virus2.hitbox[3] and virus2.y + bullet.radius > virus2.hitbox[1]:
if bullet.x + bullet.radius > virus2.hitbox[0] and bullet.x - bullet.radius < virus2.hitbox[0] + \
virus2.hitbox[2]:
virus2.hit()
score += 1
bullets.pop(0)
if bullet.x < 800 and bullet.x > 0 and bullet.y < 400 and bullet.y > 0:
bullet.move()
else:
bullets.remove(bullet)
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE] and shoot == 0:
hortfacing, vertfacing = 0, 0
if man.left:
hortfacing = -1
elif man.right:
hortfacing = 1
elif man.up:
vertfacing = -1
elif man.down:
vertfacing = 1
if len(bullets) < 5:
bullet = Bullet(round(man.x + man.width // 2),
round(man.y + man.height // 2), 6, (255, 165, 0),
vertfacing, hortfacing)
bullets.append(bullet)
shoot = 1
if keys[pygame.K_a] and man.x >= man.vel:
man.x -= man.vel
man.right = False
man.left = True
man.up = False
man.down = False
man.standing = False
elif keys[pygame.K_d] and man.x < 800 - man.width:
man.x += man.vel
man.right = True
man.left = False
man.up = False
man.down = False
man.standing = False
elif keys[pygame.K_s] and man.y < 400 - man.height:
man.y += man.vel
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.up = False
man.down = True
man.standing = False
elif keys[pygame.K_w] and man.y >= man.vel:
man.y -= man.vel
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.up = True
man.down = False
man.standing = False
else:
man.standing = True
man.walkcount = 0
RedrawGame()
pygame.quit()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
添加一条if语句，以便该程序仅在列表中有 are 个项目符号时执行for循环：
if bullets:
for bullet in bullets:
if virus1.visible == True:
if bullet.y - bullet.radius < virus1.hitbox[1] + virus1.hitbox[3] and virus1.y + bullet.radius > virus1.hitbox[1]:
if bullet.x + bullet.radius > virus1.hitbox[0] and bullet.x - bullet.radius < virus1.hitbox[0] + \
virus1.hitbox[2]:
virus1.hit()
score += 1
bullets.pop(0)