Question

我使用自制软件已经很长时间了，从来没有遇到过这个奇怪的问题。由于某些原因，我在这里不解释使用的是MacOS 10.16（Big Sur），这是最新MacOS的Beta版，并且已经使用自制软件安装了库。这些库之一是zlib。但是用CMake进行构建时，找不到库。我试图建立wxWidgets以及libcurl。两者都失败，并显示类似错误：

-- make[2]: *** No rule to make target `/usr/lib/libz.dylib', needed by `lib/libwx_baseu-3.1.dylib'.  Stop.
make[1]: *** [libs/base/CMakeFiles/wxbase.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2

似乎库搜索路径不包含找到库的/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib。在另一台运行10.13 High Sierra的计算机上，它可以正常工作。

brew info zlib

zlib: stable 1.2.11 (bottled) [keg-only]
General-purpose lossless data-compression library
https://zlib.net/
/usr/local/Cellar/zlib/1.2.11 (12 files, 376.4KB)
  Poured from bottle on 2020-07-02 at 11:34:14
From: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/HEAD/Formula/zlib.rb
==> Caveats
zlib is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

For compilers to find zlib you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include"

For pkg-config to find zlib you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib/pkgconfig"

CMakeList.txt的相关内容

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.11)

# Project name
project(MyApp)

# This setting is useful for providing JSON file used by CodeLite for code completion
set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS 1)

set(CONFIGURATION_NAME "MacOSXDebug")

set(CL_WORKSPACE_DIRECTORY ..)
# Set default locations
set(CL_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${CL_WORKSPACE_DIRECTORY}/cmake-build-${CONFIGURATION_NAME}/output)
set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CL_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY})
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CL_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY})
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CL_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY})

set(PROJECT_Studio_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}")
set(WORKSPACE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/..")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

#Build wxWidgets first
message("Building wxWidgets Libraries")
execute_process(COMMAND mkdir -p ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/wxWidgets)
execute_process(COMMAND git submodule update --init 
    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../dependencies/wxWidgets
)
find_program(CMAKE_EXE cmake  HINTS "/usr/local/bin/")
message("CMake executable at: ${CMAKE_EXE}")
execute_process(
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_EXE} -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DwxUSE_EXPAT=builtin  -DwxBUILD_PRECOMP=OFF ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../dependencies/wxWidgets -B ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/wxWidgets
    ERROR_VARIABLE WX_BUILD_ERROR
    COMMAND_ECHO STDOUT
)
message(STATUS ${WX_BUILD_OUTPUT})
message(STATUS ${WX_BUILD_ERROR})

execute_process(
    COMMAND make -j4 #VERBOSE=1
    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/wxWidgets
    ERROR_VARIABLE WX_BUILD_ERROR
    COMMAND_ECHO STDOUT
)
message(STATUS ${WX_BUILD_OUTPUT})
message(STATUS ${WX_BUILD_ERROR})

#Setup wxWidgets
set(ENV{PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/wxWidgets:$ENV{PATH}")
set(WXWIN ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/wxWidgets)

set(CMAKE_MACOSX_RPATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH  FALSE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_NAME_DIR "@rpath")

CMake日志

日志太大，无法在此处粘贴。在这里查看：https://pastebin.com/Mk4NrQgX

更新

所以我检查了一下，发现这件事很奇怪。当我用ls列出时，我可以看到库存在：

ls /usr/lib/|grep libz

libz.1.1.3.dylib
libz.1.2.11.dylib
libz.1.2.5.dylib

但是，当我尝试使用otool检查库时 otool -L /usr/lib/libz.dylib

/Applications/Xcode-beta.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/objdump: error: '/usr/lib/libz.dylib': No such file or directory

我想问题出在这里，尽管还没有破解代码

更新2

如此运行ls -la /usr/lib | grep libz，您可以看到它全部都链接回libz.1.dylib，但该文件不存在。

lrwxr-xr-x    1 root  wheel       12 Jan  1  2020 libz.1.1.3.dylib -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x    1 root  wheel       12 Jan  1  2020 libz.1.2.11.dylib -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x    1 root  wheel       12 Jan  1  2020 libz.1.2.5.dylib -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x    1 root  wheel       12 Jan  1  2020 libz.1.2.8.dylib -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x    1 root  wheel       12 Jan  1  2020 libz.dylib -> libz.1.dylib

Answer 1

我们在这里有一个大型的史诗般的追踪器，用于MacOS 10.16 / 11.0兼容性检查。 https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/issues/7857

随时可以在那里升级问题（我实际上看到zlib标记为?）

Answer 2

/usr/lib/中的某些库似乎是纯垃圾。我可以确认zlib和libiconv已损坏，已链接到不存在的库。由于它是测试版，因此没有太多抱怨。因此解决方案是使用brew install zlib安装brew版本，然后使用

覆盖终端的当前系统路径。

export PATH=/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib:/usr/local/opt/zlib/include:$PATH

Mac OS 10.16链接Homebrew已安装的库

2 个答案: