if，if-else和elif语句

Question

我知道如何执行if语句和elif语句，但是在此特定代码中，我不知道如何执行。我试图做的确切是，当用户放置女性或男性以及温度时，它将根据所选择的性别显示适合该天气的服装。谁能帮我吗？

def main():
    
    print("Welcome to Outfitters Boulevard!")
    print()
    print("Where your next vacation outfit is just around the corner.")
    print("================================================")
    
    name = input("What is your name?")
    gender = input("Are you male or female?")
    favoriteColor = input("What is your favorite color?")
    temp = int(input("What is the temperature like where you're going?"))
    
    print(name + ", you mentioned that you're a female, your favorite color is " + favoriteColor + ",")
    print("and you're going somewhere with " + str(temp) + " weather.")
    print("We've got just the outfit for you: ")
    
    if temp>84:
        print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
    elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
        print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
    elif 55>=temp<= 69:
        print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
    elif temp <55: 
        print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")
    
main()

Answer 1

假设键入的性别必须为male或female，这应该可行。

在旁注中，这段代码不是很漂亮，我建议您查找f字符串以解析字符串。

def main():
    
    print("Welcome to Outfitters Boulevard!")
    print()
    print("Where your next vacation outfit is just around the corner.")
    print("================================================")
    
    name = input("What is your name?")
    gender = input("Are you male or female?")
    favoriteColor = input("What is your favorite color?")
    temp = int(input("What is the temperature like where you're going?"))
    
    print(name + ", you mentioned that you're a female, your favorite color is " + favoriteColor + ",")
    print("and you're going somewhere with " + str(temp) + " weather.")
    print("We've got just the outfit for you: ")

    # If it is a male
    if gender == "male":
       if temp>84:
          print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
       elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
          print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
       elif 55>=temp<= 69:
          print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
       elif temp <55: 
          print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")
    # if it is a female
    elif gender == "female":
       if temp>84:
          print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
       elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
          print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
       elif 55>=temp<= 69:
          print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
       elif temp <55: 
          print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")
    # If the gender is not correct
    else:
       print(f"Gender has to be male or female (found {gender})")

main()

Answer 2

我已经编辑了您的代码以添加嵌套的if语句，并使它更加易于使用。我按照您的要求添加了项目，并指导您如何编写其他项目：

def main():
    
    print("Welcome to Outfitters Boulevard!")
    print()
    print("Where your next vacation outfit is just around the corner.")
    print("================================================")
    
    name = input("What is your name?")
    gender = input("Are you male or female or other?")
    favoriteColor = input("What is your favorite color?")
    temp = int(input("What is the temperature like where you're going?"))
    
    print(name + ", you mentioned that you're a female, your favorite color is " + favoriteColor + ",")
    print("and you're going somewhere with " + str(temp) + " weather.")
    print("We've got just the outfit for you: ")
    
    if temp>84:
        print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
        if gender.casefold() == 'male':
            # Show male outfits here
            print("Hawaiian shirt, shorts and flip flops")

        elif gender.casefold() == 'female':
            # Show female outfits here
            print("Shorts, sandals and a crop shirt.")

        else:
            # Show other outfits here

    elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
        print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
        if gender.casefold() == 'male':
            # Show male outfits here

        elif gender.casefold() == 'female':
            # Show female outfits here

        else:
            # Show other outfits here

    elif 55>=temp<= 69:
        print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
        if gender.casefold() == 'male':
            # Show male outfits here

        elif gender.casefold() == 'female':
            # Show female outfits here

        else:
            # Show other outfits here

    elif temp <55: 
        print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")
        if gender.casefold() == 'male':
            # Show male outfits here

        elif gender.casefold() == 'female':
            # Show female outfits here

        else:
            # Show other outfits here
    
main()

casefold()方法可确保大写字母无关紧要，因此用户可以用不同的大写字母回答性别问题，并且仍然可以得到输出。

Answer 3

对条件进行了更改并添加了gender检查：

print("Welcome to Outfitters Boulevard!")
print()
print("Where your next vacation outfit is just around the corner.")
print("================================================")

name = input("What is your name?")
gender = input("Are you male or female?")
favoriteColor = input("What is your favorite color?")
temp = int(input("What is the temperature like where you're going?"))

if gender.lower() == "yes":
    gender = "female"
else:
    gender = "male"
print(name + ", you mentioned that you're a " + gender + ", your favorite color is " + favoriteColor + ",")
print("and you're going somewhere with " + str(temp) + " weather.")
print("We've got just the outfit for you: ")

if temp > 84:
    print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
elif temp >= 70 and temp <= 84:
    print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
elif temp >= 55 and temp <= 69:
    print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
elif temp < 55: 
    print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")

输出：

================================================                                                                                                                             
What is your name?dirtybit                                                                                                                                                   
Are you male or female?no                                                                                                                                                    
What is your favorite color?black                                                                                                                                            
What is the temperature like where you're going?75                                                                                                                           
dirtybit, you mentioned that you're a male, your favorite color is black,                                                                                                     
and you're going somewhere with 75 weather.                                                                                                                                  
We've got just the outfit for you:                                                                                                                                           
The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit

Answer 4

您必须嵌套多个if语句：

if gender == "female":
    if temp>84:
        print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
    elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
        print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
    elif 55>=temp<= 69:
        print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
    elif temp <55: 
        print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")
else:
    if temp>84:
        print("The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit")
    elif 70 >=temp<= 84:
        print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
    elif 55>=temp<= 69:
        print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
    elif temp <55: 
        print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")

Answer 5

使用and。就您而言，可能是

elif temp >= 70 and temp <= 84:
    print("The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit")
elif temp 55 >= and temp <= 69:
    print("The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit")
elif temp < 55: 
    print("The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit")

Answer 6

您可以在此处添加if语句以
为男性和女性定制输出的服装名称：

def main():
    
    print("Welcome to Outfitters Boulevard!\n")
    print("Where your next vacation outfit is just around the corner.")
    print("================================================")
    
    name = input("What is your name?")
    gender = input("Are you male or female?")
    favoriteColor = input("What is your favorite color?")
    temp = int(input("What is the temperature like where you're going?"))
    
    print(f"{name}, you mentioned that you're a female, your favorite color is {favoriteColor},")
    print(f"and you're going somewhere with {temp} weather.")
    print("We've got just the outfit for you: ")
    
    if gender == 'female': # Here is where the customization begins
        gender = 'For Women'
    else:
        gender = 'For Men'
    if temp > 84:
        print(f"The Perfect Hot Weather Outfit {gender}")
    elif 70 <= temp <= 84:
        print(f"The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit {gender}")
    elif 55 <= temp <= 69:
        print(f"The Perfect Cool Weather Outfit {gender}")
    elif temp < 55: 
        print(f"The Perfect Cold Weather Outfit {gender}")
    
main()

输入：

What is your name? Ann Zen
Are you male or female? female
What is your favorite color? red
What is the temperature like where you're going? 70

输出：

Ann Zen, you mentioned that you're a female, your favorite color is red,
and you're going somewhere with 70 weather.
We've got just the outfit for you: 
The Perfect Warm Weather Outfit For Women

（注意：您混合了严格的不等式运算符，已在此处将其修复。）