Question

一个作者有很多书。数据库中有很多作者都有书籍。需要获得作者的最新书籍。在一个查询中。

class Autor(models.Model):
    name = models.Charfield()


class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.Charfield()
    author = models.ForegnKey("Autors", models.CASCADE)
    created_at = models.DatetimeField(auto_now_add=True)

# its a many queries
last_books = []
for author in Autor.objects.all():
    last_book = Book.object.filter(autor=autor).latest("created_at")
    last_books.append(last_book)
# need one query

Answer 1

您可以简单地使用Subquery：

from django.db.models import Subquery, OuterRef

books = Book.objects.filter(author=OuterRef('pk'))
authors = Author.objects.annotate(book=Subquery(books.order_by('-created').values('name')[:1]))

Answer 2

这将在一个查询中得到答案。按作者对书籍进行分组，并获取每组的最新created_date。过滤与latest_dates

中创建日期匹配的记录

qs = Book.objects.all()
latest_dates = qs.values('author').annotate(latest_created_at=Max('created_at'))
qs = qs.filter(created_at__in=latest_dates.values('latest_created_at')).order_by('-created_at')

Answer 3

获取作者的所有书籍，按降序排列并获取第一条记录

latest_books = []
for author in Author.objects.all():
    last_book = Books.objects.filter(author=author).order_by("-created_at")[0]
    latest_books.append(last_book)

如何创建一个查询？

3 个答案: