Question

所以我有一个对象数组，其中包含另一个数组，我想获得一个新的对象数组，这些对象的数组中包含特定内容，而排除那些没有的对象。（使用JavaScript）

更具体。我有一个像这样的数组：

let chars = [
  {
    name: 'John',
    abilities: ['swim', 'jump', 'sing']
  },
  {
    name: 'Mark',
    abilities: ['run', 'jump']
  },
  {
    name: 'Bob',
    abilities: ['swim', 'run', 'sing']
  },
  {
    name: 'Jack',
    abilities: ['jump', 'swim', 'run']
  }
];

例如，我只想获得那些会游泳和跳跃但不能跑步的字符。

我想过要制作两个像

的数组

let includeAbilities = ['swim', 'jump'];
let excludeAbilities = ['run'];

，然后以某种方式比较它们，但我真的不知道该怎么做。你能帮我吗？

Answer 1

我会结合使用Array.prototype.filter和Array.prototype.every：

const filteredChars = chars.filter(character => (
    includeAbilities.every(
        ability => character.abilities.includes(ability)
    ) &&
    excludeAbilities.every(
        ability => !character.abilities.includes(ability)
    )
));

结果：

[
    {
        name: 'John',
        abilities: ['swim', 'jump', 'sing']
    }
]

在你的情况下，唯一匹配的人物是约翰，因为他会游泳和跳跃，但不能跑步。

Answer 2

let chars = [
  {
    name: 'John',
    abilities: ['swim', 'jump', 'sing']
  },
  {
    name: 'Mark',
    abilities: ['run', 'jump']
  },
  {
    name: 'Bob',
    abilities: ['swim', 'run', 'sing']
  },
  {
    name: 'Jack',
    abilities: ['jump', 'swim', 'run']
  }
];
// This is ES6 syntax, arrow functions: char => char.abilities.includes('swim') is the same as  
// function(char) { return char.abilities.includes('swim') };
const canSwim = chars.filter(char => char.abilities.includes('swim'));
console.log(canSwim);
// You can make it even shorter with destructuring objects
const canSwimAndSing = chars.filter(({
  abilities
}) => {
  return abilities.includes('swim') && abilities.includes('sing')
});
console.log(canSwimAndSing);

获取数组中具有和没有某些属性的对象的名称

2 个答案: