Question

这是我的问题：我正在从事德语文本分类项目。我为此使用spacy，并决定对其预训练的BERT模型进行微调，以获得更好的结果。但是，当我尝试将其加载到代码中时，会显示错误。

这是我所做的：

已安装的spacy-transformers：pip install spacy-transformers
下载的德语BERT模型：python -m spacy download de_trf_bertbasecased_lg。它已成功下载并显示：✔ Download and installation successful You can now load the model via spacy.load('de_trf_bertbasecased_lg')
编写以下代码：

import spacy nlp = spacy.load('de_trf_bertbasecased_lg')

输出为：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in <module>
nlp = spacy.load('de_trf_bertbasecased_lg')
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\__init__.py", line 30, in load
return util.load_model(name, **overrides)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\util.py", line 164, in load_model
return load_model_from_package(name, **overrides)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\util.py", line 185, in load_model_from_package
return cls.load(**overrides)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\de_trf_bertbasecased_lg\__init__.py", line 12, in load
return load_model_from_init_py(__file__, **overrides)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\util.py", line 228, in load_model_from_init_py
return load_model_from_path(data_path, meta, **overrides)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\util.py", line 196, in load_model_from_path
cls = get_lang_class(lang)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy\util.py", line 70, in get_lang_class
if lang in registry.languages:
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\catalogue.py", line 56, in __contains__
has_entry_point = self.entry_points and self.get_entry_point(name)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\catalogue.py", line 140, in get_entry_point
return entry_point.load()
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\importlib_metadata\__init__.py", line 94, in load
module = import_module(match.group('module'))
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy_transformers\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from .language import TransformersLanguage
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy_transformers\language.py", line 5, in <module>
from .util import is_special_token, pkg_meta, ATTRS, PIPES, LANG_FACTORY
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\spacy_transformers\util.py", line 2, in <module>
import transformers
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\transformers\__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
from .file_utils import (TRANSFORMERS_CACHE, PYTORCH_TRANSFORMERS_CACHE, PYTORCH_PRETRAINED_BERT_CACHE,
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\transformers\file_utils.py", line 37, in <module>
import torch
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\torch\__init__.py", line 81, in <module>
ctypes.CDLL(dll)
  File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 356, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: [WinError 126] The specified module could not be found

如果我在PyCharm中运行相同的代码，它还会在以上所有代码之前显示这两行：

2020-05-19 18:00:55.132721: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:55] Could not 
load dynamic library 'cudart64_100.dll'; dlerror: cudart64_100.dll not found
2020-05-19 18:00:55.132990: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cudart_stub.cc:29] Ignore above cudart 
dlerror if you do not have a GPU set up on your machine.

如果我做对了，这两行会抱怨我没有GPU。但是，根据文档，即使没有GPU，我也应该能够使用BERT。

因此，我现在真的陷入困境，正在寻找您的帮助。

我还应该提到，我以前使用过de_core_news_sm模型，而且效果很好。

我也已经尝试了几种解决方案，但是没有一个起作用。我试过了： this和this。我还尝试卸载所有与spacy相关的库，然后再次安装它们。也没有帮助。

我正在与之合作：

Windows 10 Home

Python：3.7.2

Spacy：2.2.4

Spacy变形金刚：0.5.1

不胜感激！

Answer 1

尝试：

python -m spacy download de_trf_bertbasecased_lg
python -m spacy download de_trf_bertbasecased_lg-2.2.0

python -m spacy link de_trf_bertbasecased_lg
python -m spacy link de_trf_bertbasecased_lg-2.2.0

或者：

python -m spacy download de
python -m spacy.de.download all

或直接从以下位置下载：

https://deepset.ai/german-bert

然后加载：

nlp = spacy.load(r'Path_To_File\de_trf_bertbasecased_lg-2.2.0')

Answer 2

您安装torch时可能有问题。从一个干净的虚拟环境开始，并按照此处的说明安装torch，将CUDA设置为None：https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/。然后用spacy-transformers安装pip。

无法在空间中加载德国BERT模型

2 个答案: