Question

如何查找具有动态ID的元素？我想选择id= select_option_32，但通常会更改为select_option_60或其他一些数字。有任何想法吗？

下面是XPATH和CSS选择器（以及脚本的屏幕截图）。

XPATH-

//*[@id="select_option_32"]

CSS选择器-

#select_option_32

下面是脚本：

下面是该类的完整元素：

<md-select-menu role="presentation" class="_md md-data-studio-theme md-overflow" style="transform-origin: 65.9653px 182.222px 0px;">
   <md-content class="_md md-data-studio-theme">
      <!-- ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_76" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Fixed
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_77" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last 7 days
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_78" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last 14 days
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_79" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last 28 days
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_80" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last 30 days
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_81" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Today
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_82" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Yesterday
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_83" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This week (starts Sunday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_84" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This week to date (starts Sunday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_85" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last week (starts Sunday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_86" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This week (starts Monday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_87" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This week to date (starts Monday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_88" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last week (starts Monday)
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_89" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This month
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_90" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This month to date
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_91" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last month
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_92" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This quarter
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_93" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This quarter to date
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_94" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last quarter
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_95" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This year
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="true" id="select_option_96" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]" selected="selected">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            This year to date
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_97" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Last year
            **
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_98" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Auto date range
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in** $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
      <md-option ng-repeat="option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions" ng-value="option" tabindex="0" class="ng-scope md-data-studio-theme md-ink-ripple" role="option" aria-selected="false" id="select_option_99" aria-checked="true" value="[object Object]">
         <div class="md-text ng-binding">
            Advanced
         </div>
      </md-option>
      <!-- end ngRepeat: option in $ctrl.dateRangeOptions -->
   </md-content>
</md-select-menu>

Answer 1

使用CSS选择器通过部分匹配来定位元素：

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("md-option[id^='select_option']")

它将找到所有以select_option开头的id的所有选项，因此在您的情况下，使其唯一选择select_option_32特定的元素。首先获取列表中的所有元素，然后匹配

下显示的文本

all_element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "md-option[id^='select_option']")))
for element in all_element:
    if 'This month' in element.text:
        print("expected element is there")
        # perform your action here which you suppose to do
        break

另一种方法是建立索引，如果您认为匹配的文本不值得，则可以在xpath中使用索引来定位固定的索引元素

//md-option[starts-with(@id,'select_option_')][32]

如果您正在寻找一个已经被选择的元素，那么xpath将会是

//md-option[starts-with(@id,'select_option_')][@selected='selected']

Answer 2

您可以尝试同时使用XPath和CSS的功能。

例如：

XPath（starts-with）：//*[starts-with(@id,'select_option_')]
CSS（^=）：document.querySelector('*[id^="select_option_"]')

Answer 3

因此，我相信您正在寻找“去年”网络元素。正确吗？

Answer 4

您可以将部分ID与所选属性一起使用：

// * [包含（@id，'select_options_'）并且包含（@selected，'selected'）]

Answer 5

您可以尝试使用以下任何XPath

以下内容将您定位到“自动”数据范围的父元素：

//md-content[@class='_md md-data-studio-theme']//child::md-option[23]

下面的内容将带您完全进入自动日期范围

//md-content[@class='_md md-data-studio-theme']//child::md-option[23]/div[contains(text(),'Auto date range')]

如何通过硒查找动态ID的元素

5 个答案: