单个Mapper类可以在一次运行中生成多个键值对(相同类型)吗?
我们在mapper中输出键值对,如下所示:
context.write(key, value);
这是Key的简化版(示例):
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.ObjectWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparator;
public class MyKey extends ObjectWritable implements WritableComparable<MyKey> {
public enum KeyType {
KeyType1,
KeyType2
}
private KeyType keyTupe;
private Long field1;
private Integer field2 = -1;
private String field3 = "";
public KeyType getKeyType() {
return keyTupe;
}
public void settKeyType(KeyType keyType) {
this.keyTupe = keyType;
}
public Long getField1() {
return field1;
}
public void setField1(Long field1) {
this.field1 = field1;
}
public Integer getField2() {
return field2;
}
public void setField2(Integer field2) {
this.field2 = field2;
}
public String getField3() {
return field3;
}
public void setField3(String field3) {
this.field3 = field3;
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput datainput) throws IOException {
keyTupe = KeyType.valueOf(datainput.readUTF());
field1 = datainput.readLong();
field2 = datainput.readInt();
field3 = datainput.readUTF();
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput dataoutput) throws IOException {
dataoutput.writeUTF(keyTupe.toString());
dataoutput.writeLong(field1);
dataoutput.writeInt(field2);
dataoutput.writeUTF(field3);
}
@Override
public int compareTo(MyKey other) {
if (getKeyType().compareTo(other.getKeyType()) != 0) {
return getKeyType().compareTo(other.getKeyType());
} else if (getField1().compareTo(other.getField1()) != 0) {
return getField1().compareTo(other.getField1());
} else if (getField2().compareTo(other.getField2()) != 0) {
return getField2().compareTo(other.getField2());
} else if (getField3().compareTo(other.getField3()) != 0) {
return getField3().compareTo(other.getField3());
} else {
return 0;
}
}
public static class MyKeyComparator extends WritableComparator {
public MyKeyComparator() {
super(MyKey.class);
}
public int compare(byte[] b1, int s1, int l1, byte[] b2, int s2, int l2) {
return compareBytes(b1, s1, l1, b2, s2, l2);
}
}
static { // register this comparator
WritableComparator.define(MyKey.class, new MyKeyComparator());
}
}
这就是我们尝试在Mapper中输出两个键的方法:
MyKey key1 = new MyKey();
key1.settKeyType(KeyType.KeyType1);
key1.setField1(1L);
key1.setField2(23);
MyKey key2 = new MyKey();
key2.settKeyType(KeyType.KeyType2);
key2.setField1(1L);
key2.setField3("abc");
context.write(key1, value1);
context.write(key2, value2);
我们的作业输出格式类是:org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.SequenceFileOutputFormat
我说这是因为在其他输出格式类中我看到输出没有附加,只是提交了write方法的实现。
此外,我们正在使用Mapper和Context的以下类: org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Context
答案 0 :(得分:10)
在一个地图任务中多次写入上下文完全没问题。
但是,您的密钥类可能有几个问题。每当您为密钥实施WritableComparable
时,您还应该实施equals(Object)
和hashCode()
方法。这些不是WritableComparable接口的一部分,因为它们是在Object
中定义的,但您必须提供实现。
默认分区程序使用hashCode()
方法来确定每个键/值对转到哪个reducer。如果你没有提供一个理智的实现,你可能会得到奇怪的结果。
根据经验,每当您实施hashCode()
或任何类型的比较方法时,您都应该提供equals(Object)
方法。您必须确保它接受Object
作为参数,因为这是Object
类中的定义(您可能会覆盖其实现)。