在父工厂上存储factory-boy RelatedFactory对象

时间:2020-04-11 23:41:39

标签: python django factory-boy

我有两个Django模型(CustomerCustomerAddress),它们彼此包含ForeignKey。我正在使用factory-boy来管理这些模型的创建,并且无法将子工厂实例保存到父工厂中(使用通过RelatedFactory类定义的关系)。

我的两个模型:

class ExampleCustomerAddress(models.Model):
    # Every customer mailing address is assigned to a single Customer,
    # though Customers may have multiple addresses.
    customer = models.ForeignKey('ExampleCustomer', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

class ExampleCustomer(models.Model):
    # Each customer has a single (optional) default billing address:
    default_billto = models.ForeignKey(
        'ExampleCustomerAddress',
        on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
        blank=True,
        null=True,
        related_name='+')

我有两个工厂,每个工厂一个:

class ExampleCustomerAddressFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = ExampleCustomerAddress

    customer = factory.SubFactory(
        'ExampleCustomerFactory',
        default_billto=None)  # Set to None to prevent recursive address creation.

class ExampleCustomerFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = ExampleCustomer

    default_billto = factory.RelatedFactory(ExampleCustomerAddressFactory,
                                            'customer')

在创建ExampleCustomerFactory时,即使创建了default_billtoExampleCustomerAddress也是 None

In [14]: ec = ExampleCustomerFactory.build()

In [15]: ec.default_billto is None
Out[15]: True

(使用create()时,数据库中存在一个新的ExampleCustomerAddress。我在这里使用build()来简化示例)。

创建ExampleCustomerAddress的工作符合预期,并且自动创建了Customer

In [22]: eca = ExampleCustomerAddressFactory.build()

In [23]: eca.customer
Out[23]: <ExampleCustomer: ExampleCustomer object>

In [24]: eca.customer.default_billto is None
Out[24]: True  <-- I was expecting this to be set to an `ExampleCustomerAddress!`.

我觉得我在这里疯了,缺少一些非常简单的东西。由于两个模型之间相互包含ForeignKeys,因此给人留下我遇到此错误的印象。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

首先,有一条简单的经验法则:当您遵循ForeignKey时,总是会偏爱SubFactoryRelatedFactory旨在遵循相反的关系。

让我们轮流走每个工厂。

ExampleCustomerAddressFactory

当我们在没有客户的情况下呼叫该工厂时,我们想要获取一个地址,该地址链接到一个客户,并用作该客户的默认地址。

但是,当我们与客户通话时,请不要更改它。

以下将起作用:

class ExampleCustomerAddressFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = ExampleCustomerAddress

    # Fill the Customer unless provided
    customer = factory.SubFactory(
        ExampleCustomerFactory,
        # We can't provide ourself there, since we aren't saved to the database yet.
        default_billto=None,
    )

    @factory.post_declaration
    def set_customer_billto(obj, create, *args, **kwargs):
        """Set the default billto of the customer to ourselves if empty"""
        if obj.customer.default_billto is None:
            obj.customer.default_billto = obj
            if create:
                obj.customer.save()

在这里,我们将新创建的客户的价值设置为“我们”;请注意,此逻辑也可以移至ExampleCustomerAddress.save()

ExampleCustomerFactory

对于该工厂,规则更简单:创建客户时,请创建默认的帐单邮寄地址(除非已提供值)。

class ExampleCustomerFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = ExampleCustomer

    # We can't use a SubFactory here, since that would be evaluated before
    # the Customer has been saved.
    default_billto = factory.RelatedFactory(
        ExampleCustomerAddressFactory,
        'customer',
    )

该工厂将按以下方式运行:

  1. 使用ExampleCustomer创建default_billto=None实例;
  2. 与新创建的客户致电ExampleCustomerAddressFactory(customer=obj)
  3. 该工厂将与该客户创建一个ExampleCustomerAddress
  4. 该工厂中的后代挂钩将随后检测到客户没有default_billto,并将对其进行覆盖。

注释

  • 我没有对此进行测试,因此可能会出现一些错别字或小错误;
  • 由您决定使用目标工厂的路径而不是直接引用来首先声明哪个工厂;
  • 如上所述,用于将客户的默认帐单地址设置为空并向其添加地址的逻辑可以移至模型的.save()方法中。
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