我在jupyter笔记本中安装shap时遇到问题，它显示以下错误，正在运行setup.py install for shap ...错误。从终端安装了shap时，没有任何问题。请帮忙。我正在使用：-pip install shap，也无法使用conda。使用pip install conda也会显示相同类型的错误：-pycosat的构建轮（setup.py）...错误，pycosat的运行setup.py install ...错误。
以下是我在使用pip install shap时遇到的错误：-
Collecting shap
使用缓存的shap-0.35.0.tar.gz（273 kB）
已经满足的要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的numpy（来自shap）（1.18.2）
已满足要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的scipy（从shap开始）（1.4.1）
已满足要求：在home / kv / snap / jupyter / common / lib / python3.7 / site-packages中学习scikit（来自shap）（0.22.2.post1）
已满足要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的熊猫（从shap开始）（1.0.3）
已满足要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的tqdm> 4.25.0（来自shap）（4.45.0）
已经满足的要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的joblib> = 0.11（来自scikit-learn-> shap）（0.14.1）
已满足要求：/snap/jupyter/6/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的python-dateutil> = 2.6.1（来自pandas-> shap）（2.8.0）
已满足要求：/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的pytz> = 2017.2（来自pandas-> shap）（2019.3）
已经满足的要求：/snap/jupyter/6/lib/python3.7/site-packages中的六个> = 1.5（来自python-dateutil> = 2.6.1-> pandas-> shap）（1.12.0）
用于收集包裹的构建轮：shap
shap（setup.py）的建筑轮子...错误
错误：命令错误，退出状态为1：
命令：/ snap / jupyter / 6 / bin / python -u -c'导入sys，setuptools，标记化; sys.argv [0] ='“'”'/tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/setup.py'“'”'; 文件 ='“'”'/ tmp / pip-install-vla3cytp / shap / setup.py'“'”'; f = getattr（tokenize，'“'”'open'“'” '，打开） （文件）; code = f.read（）。replace（'“'”'\ r \ n'“'”'，'“'”'\ n'“'”'））; f.close（）; exec（compile（code， file ，'“'”'exec'“'”'））'bdist_wheel -d / tmp / pip-wheel-1shy2q7c
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/
完成输出（71行）：
运行bdist_wheel
运行版本
运行build_py
创建版本
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
复制shap / datasets.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
复制shap / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
复制shap / common.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / partition.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / tf_utils.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / explainer.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers 复制shap / explainers / sampling.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / mimic.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / linear.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / pytree.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / permutation.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / gradient.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / additive.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / kernel.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / tree.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
复制shap / explainers / bruteforce.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / treegain.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / coefficent.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / lime.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / maple.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
复制shap / explainers / other / random.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / other
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / deep
复制shap / explainers / deep / deep_tf.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / deep
复制shap / explainers / deep / deep_pytorch.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64- 3.7 / shap / explainers / deep
复制shap / explainers / deep / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / explainers / deep
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / colorconv.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / colors.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / waterfall.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / monitoring.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / partial_dependence.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / force_matplotlib.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / embedding.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / text.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / summary.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / image.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / decision.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / dependence.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / bar.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
复制shap / plots / force.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / models.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / methods.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / measures.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / plots.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / metrics.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / init .py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
复制shap / benchmark / experiments.py-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / benchmark
创建build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots / resources
复制shap / plots / resources / logoSmallGray.png-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots / resources
复制shap / plots / resources / bundle.js-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / plots / resources
复制shap / tree_shap.h-> build / lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
运行build_ext
numpy.get_include（）/home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include
构建“ shap._cext”扩展名
创建build / temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
创建build / temp.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap
gcc -pthread -B / home / filipe / miniconda3 / envs / JUPYTER / compiler_compat -Wl，-sysroot = / -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I /snap/jupyter/6/include/python3.7m -I / home / kv / snap / jupyter / common / lib / python3.7 / site-packages / numpy / core / include -c shap / _cext.cc -o build /temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/_cext.o
无法执行“ gcc”：没有此类文件或目录
错误：命令'gcc'失败，退出状态为1
错误：成型轮失败
运行setup.py进行清理
无法建立形状
安装收集的软件包：shap
Running setup.py install for shap ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /snap/jupyter/6/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-tt70qus_/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/include/python3.7m/shap
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/
Complete output (71 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
copying shap/datasets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
copying shap/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
copying shap/common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/partition.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/tf_utils.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/explainer.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/sampling.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/mimic.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/linear.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/pytree.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/permutation.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/gradient.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/additive.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/kernel.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/tree.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
copying shap/explainers/bruteforce.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/other
copying shap/explainers/other/treegain.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-
3.7 / shap / explainers / other
copying shap/explainers/other/coefficent.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-
3.7 / shap / explainers / other
copying shap/explainers/other/lime.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/other
copying shap/explainers/other/maple.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/other
copying shap/explainers/other/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-
3.7 / shap / explainers / other
copying shap/explainers/other/random.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/other
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/deep
copying shap/explainers/deep/deep_tf.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/deep
copying shap/explainers/deep/deep_pytorch.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-
3.7 / shap / explainers / deep
copying shap/explainers/deep/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/explainers/deep
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/colorconv.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/colors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/waterfall.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/monitoring.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/partial_dependence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/force_matplotlib.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/embedding.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/text.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/summary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/decision.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/dependence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/bar.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
copying shap/plots/force.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/models.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/methods.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/measures.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/plots.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/metrics.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
copying shap/benchmark/experiments.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/benchmark
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots/resources
copying shap/plots/resources/logoSmallGray.png -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots/resources
copying shap/plots/resources/bundle.js -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap/plots/resources
copying shap/tree_shap.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
running build_ext
numpy.get_include() /home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include
building 'shap._cext' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/shap
gcc -pthread -B /home/filipe/miniconda3/envs/JUPYTER/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-
比较-DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict原型-fPIC -I / snap / jupyter / 6 / include / python3.7m -I / home / kv / snap / jupyter / common / lib / python3 .7 / site-packages / numpy / core / include -c shap / _cext.cc -o build / temp.linux-x86_64-3.7 / shap / _cext.o
unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
错误：命令错误，退出状态为1：/ snap / jupyter / 6 / bin / python -u -c'import sys，setuptools，tokenize; sys.argv [0] ='“'”'/tmp/pip-install-vla3cytp/shap/setup.py'“'”'; 文件 ='“'”'/ tmp / pip-install-vla3cytp / shap / setup.py'“'”'; f = getattr（tokenize，'“'”'open'“'” '，打开）（文件）;代码= f.read（）。replace（'“'”'\ r \ n'“'”，'“'”'\ n'“' “'）; f.close（）; exec（compile（code， file ，'”'“'exec'”'“'））'安装--record / tmp / pip-record- tt70qus_ / install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix = --compile --install-headers /home/kv/snap/jupyter/common/include/python3.7m/shap检查完整命令输出的日志。
注意：您可能需要重新启动内核才能使用更新的软件包。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
无法执行“ gcc”：没有此类文件或目录
您需要安装编译器和构建工具：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential
gcc --version