在Gnuplot中绘制COVID-19数据

Question

我正在尝试绘制（GNUPlot）包含在CSV文件中的一些covid-19 data，该文件使用第一行作为时间数据，并在每一列中使用相应的案件数。我想为每个州（每行）绘制一个图，但运气不佳。有什么帮助吗？这是我到目前为止的脚本。我在脚本中使用plot for [col=5:30:1]...，因为前4列是状态名称和地理位置。我以为我现在只是专注于数据点，并最终弄清楚如何在绘图上显示状态名称。我从主要CSV数据中提取了美国数据，以创建“ us.dat”：

set key autotitle columnhead
set term png size 1024, 768
set key outside
set datafile separator ","
set title 'mygraph'
set ylabel 'count'
set xlabel 'time'
set grid
set term png
set output "/tmp/covid19.png"    
plot for [col=5:30:1] "us.dat" using col

还有“ us.dat”文件的片段：

Province/State,Country/Region,Lat,Long,1/22/20,1/23/20,1/24/20,1/25/20,1/26/20,1/27/20,1/28/20,1/29/20,1/30/20,1/31/20,2/1/20,2/2/20,2/3/20,2/4/20,2/5/20,2/6/20,2/7/20,2/8/20,2/9/20,2/10/20,2/11/20,2/12/20,2/13/20,2/14/20,2/15/20,2/16/20,2/17/20,2/18/20,2/19/20,2/20/20,2/21/20,2/22/20,2/23/20,2/24/20,2/25/20,2/26/20,2/27/20,2/28/20,2/29/20,3/1/20,3/2/20,3/3/20,3/4/20,3/5/20,3/6/20,3/7/20,3/8/20,3/9/20,3/10/20,3/11/20
Washington,US,47.4009,-121.4905,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,267,366
New York,US,42.1657,-74.9481,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,173,220
California,US,36.1162,-119.6816,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,144,177
Massachusetts,US,42.2302,-71.5301,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,92,95

但是情节图像不是很正确：

Answer 1

这里是纯gnuplot版本

$data <<EOD
Province/State,Country/Region,Lat,Long,1/22/20,1/23/20,1/24/20,1/25/20,1/26/20,1/27/20,1/28/20,1/29/20,1/30/20,1/31/20,2/1/20,2/2/20,2/3/20,2/4/20,2/5/20,2/6/20,2/7/20,2/8/20,2/9/20,2/10/20,2/11/20,2/12/20,2/13/20,2/14/20,2/15/20,2/16/20,2/17/20,2/18/20,2/19/20,2/20/20,2/21/20,2/22/20,2/23/20,2/24/20,2/25/20,2/26/20,2/27/20,2/28/20,2/29/20,3/1/20,3/2/20,3/3/20,3/4/20,3/5/20,3/6/20,3/7/20,3/8/20,3/9/20,3/10/20,3/11/20
Washington,US,47.4009,-121.4905,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,267,366
New York,US,42.1657,-74.9481,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,173,220
California,US,36.1162,-119.6816,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,144,177
Massachusetts,US,42.2302,-71.5301,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,92,95
EOD

N = 50
array X[N]
array Y[N]

set datafile separator ","

# a dummy plot to extract the row into an array
pl $data us ($0==0? sum[i=1:N](X[i]=strcol(i+4), 0) :\
             (strcol(1) eq "Washington")? sum[i=1:N](Y[i]=column(i+4)) : $0, $0) : 0

set xdata time
set timefmt "%m/%d/%y"

plot X us (X[$1]):(Y[$1]) w lp pt 7

说明：

首先，有一个虚拟图。输入第一行（$0==0）后，所有列都会循环，以将日期存储到数组X中。 类似地，输入列Y时，所有列都存储在数组Washington中。 列数及其偏移量应事先知道。

sum函数仅（误）用作循环。由于日期行包含字符串，因此无法提供字符串，因此提供了, 0。

Answer 2

可能的解决方案是使用awk。 通过使用它，您可以转置文件并正常使用gnuplot（也要感谢这个令人毛骨悚然的答案：An efficient way to transpose a file in Bash） 您甚至可以在gnuplot中内联。

华盛顿可以如下绘制。

set xdata time
set timefmt "%m/%d/%y"
pl "<awk -F, '{ for (i=5; i<=NF; i++)  { a[NR,i] = $i} } NF>p { p = NF } END { for(j=5; j<=p; j++) {str=a[1,j];for(i=2; i<=NR; i++){str=str\" \"a[i,j];}print str}}' us.dat" using 1:2 w l title "Washington"

第3栏将是美国马萨诸塞州5州的纽约市。