我最近写了一个程序，将所有图像裁剪到一个目录中，然后将它们全部堆叠在一起。然后，我为该程序制作了一个简单的GUI，允许用户输入目录和值。该程序已经能够正常运行，但是当我将其转换为.exe文件时，它表明该脚本无法执行。我使用了代码：
pyinstaller -w -F -i "filepath.ico" program.py
文件生成，但是打开文件会导致上面的错误。我是否需要对我的代码做其他事情，因为我添加了额外的GUI（能够在没有GUI的情况下使.exe正常工作）。我应该将GUI和程序放在同一文件中吗？另外，我的程序运行良好的python，但是当将其转换为.exe文件时，始终只有10秒钟的延迟才能出现。无论程序有多大，都会发生这种情况。我认为这是由于Windows Defender阻止了第一个站点。但是我按照所有步骤将其禁用都无济于事。
GUI代码
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter import messagebox
from PIL import Image
from natsort import natsorted
import glob
import gc
import RD_program # .py file containing the program code
def inputfile(): # opens prompt to select input folder
master.inputdirectory = filedialog.askdirectory()
print(master.inputdirectory)
def outputfile(): # opens prompt to select save folder
master.outputdirectory = filedialog.askdirectory()
print(master.outputdirectory)
def run(): # function to run entire program
try: # if user input is incorrect, instead of stopping program, will output error
coordinates = [int(x1input.get()), int(y1input.get()), int(x2input.get()), int(y2input.get())]
image_count = int(countinput.get())
RD_program.process(master.inputdirectory, coordinates, image_count, master.outputdirectory)
except Exception as ex:
print('ex:', ex)
messagebox.showwarning("Warning", "Wrong arguments:\n" + str(ex))
master = Tk()
master.iconbitmap("One_Dimensional_Reaction_Diffusion_Program_Icon.ico")
master.inputdirectory = None # default value at start
master.outputdirectory = None # default value at start
master.title("One Dimensional Reaction Diffusion Program")
master.geometry("440x270")
header1 = Label(master, text="One Dimensional Reaction Diffusion Program\n"
"Created by: Alexander Tang\n")
header1.grid(sticky="N", columnspan=8)
instructions = Label(master, text="Type in the coordinates for the upper left (x1,y1) and bottom right (x2,y2) points:")
instructions.grid(sticky="W", columnspan=8)
x1 = Label(master, text="x1: ")
x1.grid(sticky="E", column=0, row=2)
x1input = Entry(master, width=5)
x1input.grid(sticky="W", column=1, row=2)
y1 = Label(master, text="y1: ")
y1.grid(sticky="E", column=2, row=2)
y1input = Entry(master, width=5)
y1input.grid(sticky="W", column=3, row=2)
x2 = Label(master, text="x2: ")
x2.grid(sticky="E", column=4, row=2)
x2input = Entry(master, width=5)
x2input.grid(sticky="W", column=5, row=2)
y2 = Label(master, text="y2: ")
y2.grid(sticky="E", column=6, row=2)
y2input = Entry(master, width=5)
y2input.grid(sticky="W", column=7, row=2, pady=12)
count = Label(master, text="How many images are being stacked? ")
count.grid(sticky="W", column=0, row=4, columnspan=4)
countinput = Entry(master, width=5)
countinput.grid(stick="W", column=5, row=4, pady=3)
step1 = Label(master, text="1. Select the file location: ")
step1.grid(sticky="W", column=0, row=6, columnspan=4)
step2 = Label(master, text="2. Select the save location: ")
step2.grid(sticky="W", column=0, row=7, columnspan=4)
btn_input = Button(master, text="Input Files", command=inputfile) # calls the function inputfile
btn_input.grid(column=5, row=6, columnspan=2, pady=6)
btn_output = Button(master, text="Output Location", command=outputfile) # calls the function outputfile
btn_output.grid(column=5, row=7, columnspan=2)
btn_run = Button(master, text="Run", font="Helvetica, 18", bg="blue", fg="white", command=run) # calls the function run
btn_run.grid(sticky="S", column=5, row=8, columnspan=2, pady=6)
mainloop()
程序代码
from PIL import Image # for image processing
from natsort import natsorted # sorting files
import glob
import gc
import os
def process(directory, coordinates, image_count, outputdirectory=None): # function assigning all variables
x1, y1, x2, y2 = coordinates
# Generate final image first
# Width dependent on whether image is horizontal or vertical
if (y2 - y1) > (x2 - x1):
width = (y2 - y1)
height = (x2 - x1)
else:
width = (x2 - x1)
height = (y2 - y1)
# Width is constant, total_height accounts for height above and the total number of images
total_height = (image_count * height)
new_im = Image.new('RGB', (width, total_height)) # Create a new colored image (RGB)
# Keep outside of loop, if not, will reset y_offset each time
# Indicates position of where to paste cropped image
# Counter used to show progress of program
y_offset = 0
counter = 0
# Accessing all the files using the glob module
# The function natsorted sorts values the way Windows does
# os.path.join(directory) opens prompt to choose folder
# Opens all the files with the variable img in folder
for filename in natsorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(directory, "*.*"), recursive=True)):
img = Image.open(filename)
# Cropping function
selected_region = (x1, y1, x2, y2) # selected region from previous user input
cropped_region = img.crop(selected_region) # taking opened image and cropping to selected region
if (y2 - y1) > (x2 - x1): # If cropped area is vertical, rotate into horizontal position
rotated_image = cropped_region.rotate(90, expand=1) # Expand 1 ensures image isn't cut off while rotating
else:
rotated_image = cropped_region # Does nothing if image is horizontal
img.close() # Closes the initially opened image
gc.collect()
new_im.paste(rotated_image, (0, y_offset)) # (x,y) indicates which direction to offset in
y_offset += rotated_image.size[1] # y_offset (which had position 0) + the height of the image
counter += 1
print(counter, " out of ", image_count, "completed.") # Shows progress of program
if counter == image_count: # Will stop program when counter reaches number of images
break
final_im = new_im.rotate(180, expand=1) # stacking goes from top to bottom, rotate images at the end
if outputdirectory is None:
outputdirectory = directory
final_im.save(os.path.join(outputdirectory, "stacked_image.tiff"), quality=95)
def main():
# Convert coordinate list into variables
print("Type in the coordinates for the upper left (x1,y1) and bottom right (x2,y2) points")
coordinates = list(map(int, input("Separate values with a space (x1 y1 x2 y2): ").strip().split()))[:4]
image_count = int(input("How many images are being stacked? "))
print("Generating image...")
process(directory, coordinates, image_count)
print("Image completed and can be found in the output folder.")
input("Press ENTER to close program.") # prevents prompt from instantly closing
if __name__ == "__main__": # allows you to run code without GUI
main()