在Ubuntu 18.04 LTS中如何安装OpenCV 2的Python绑定？

Question

我需要在Ubuntu 18.04 LTS中运行旧版OpenCV 2 Python程序。我已经成功编译并安装了OpenCV 2，现在需要为其安装Python绑定。安装过程如下：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install   \
    libasound-dev  \
    python-dev     \
    python-pyaudio \
    portaudio19-dev\
    python-tk

sudo apt install                    \
    build-essential                 \
    cmake                           \
    libgtk2.0-dev                   \
    pkg-config                      \
    python-dev                      \
    checkinstall                    \
    libavcodec-dev                  \
    libavcodec-dev                  \
    libavformat-dev                 \
    libavformat-dev                 \
    libdc1394-22-dev                \
    libgstreamer1.0-dev             \
    libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev\
    libgtk2.0-dev                   \
    libjasper-dev                   \
    libjpeg-dev                     \
    libjpeg-dev                     \
    libmp3lame-dev                  \
    libopencore-amrnb-dev           \
    libopencore-amrwb-dev           \
    libopencv-dev                   \
    libpng-dev                      \
    libqt4-dev                      \
    libswscale-dev                  \
    libswscale-dev                  \
    libtbb-dev                      \
    libtheora-dev                   \
    libtiff5-dev                    \
    libv4l-dev                      \
    libvorbis-dev                   \
    libxine2                        \
    libxvidcore-dev                 \
    python-dev                      \
    python-numpy                    \
    v4l-utils                       \
    x264                            \
    yasm

wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/2.4.13.5.zip -O opencv-2.4.13.5.zip
unzip opencv-2.4.13.5.zip
cd opencv-2.4.13.5
mkdir release
cd release
cmake                                \
    -G "Unix Makefiles"              \
    -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++\
    CMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc    \
    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE       \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local\
    -DWITH_TBB=ON                    \
    -DBUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON    \
    -DWITH_V4L=ON                    \
    -DINSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON          \
    -DINSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON     \
    -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON              \
    -DWITH_QT=ON                     \
    -DWITH_OPENGL=ON                 \
    -DBUILD_FAT_JAVA_LIB=ON          \
    -DINSTALL_TO_MANGLED_PATHS=ON    \
    -DINSTALL_CREATE_DISTRIB=ON      \
    -DINSTALL_TESTS=ON               \
    -DENABLE_FAST_MATH=ON            \
    -DWITH_IMAGEIO=ON                \
    -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF          \
    -DWITH_GSTREAMER=ON ..
make all -j"$(nproc)"
sudo make install

在Ubuntu 16.04上安装Python绑定的下一步如下：

sudo apt install python-opencv

对于16.04，我们可以看到它安装的版本为here的版本为2.4.9.1。但是，对于18.04，我们可以看到here声明的版本是3.2.0，这是不合适的。

如何在18.04中安装适当的Python绑定？